Thermal Conductivity and Density of (NH₄)₂SO₄ + H₂O, NH₄NO₃ + H₂O, and (NH₄)₂SO₄ + NH₄NO₃ + H₂O Solutions at T = (278.15 to 333.15) K

Abstract

The thermal conductivity of ammonium sulfate + water, ammonium nitrate + water, and ammonium sulfate + ammonium nitrate + water is of great significance in the national defense industry and military engineering for manufacturing of various energetic chemicals. The measurements, covering a temperature range from (278.15 to 333.15) K, have been performed by a transient hot-wire technique over a wide range of concentrations. The densities of ternary aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfate + ammonium nitrate are also presented at the same temperature covering different portions of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate. The thermal conductivities of binary aqueous solutions of ammonium salts are correlated by polynomial functions in terms of temperature and weight fraction for the purpose of interpolation. The Aseyev equation in terms of weight fraction is also used to represent the thermal conductivities of ternary mixtures of these compounds. The ideal mixing rule of Young has been successfully applied to correlate the ternary densities of aqueous ammonium sulfate + ammonium nitrate solutions based on relevant binary solution properties. The agreement between the correlation and the experimental data is pretty good.

Thermal Conductivity of DMSO + C2H5OH, DMSO + H2O, and DMSO + C2H5OH + H2O Mixtures atT= (278.15 to 338.15) K

“…The thermal conductivities of the binary and ternary mixtures were measured in a transient hot-wire instrument (Xi’an Xiatech Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., TC 3020L) . Detailed descriptions of the apparatus can be easily found in previous publications. − A brief introduction is given here: two identical anodized tantalum wires of 25 μm diameter, differing only in length, were fixed in the cells of the instrument.…”

Measurement of the Thermal Conductivities of Methyl 2-Methyl-3-nitrobenzoate + Acetonitrile, N-Bromosuccinimide + Acetonitrile, and Methyl 2-Methyl-3-nitrobenzoate + N-Bromosuccinimide + Acetonitrile in the Temperature Range from 300 to 340 K

“…Figure S2 in the Supporting Information shows a schematic of the experimental setup we used. This type of equipment has been repeatedly used in the measurement of liquid thermal conductivities. − ,,, The temperature was controlled by the matching C3300A medium-low temperature circulating bath, and the circulating solution was dimethylsilicon oil.…”

“…The thermal conductivity of the liquid is an important transport property. It is not only scientifically essential for the design and optimization of various heat transfer processes but also very significant for identifying the internal structure of liquid mixtures, and at the same time, accurate thermal conductivity data are also conducive to the conduction of various simulation studies . Generally speaking, the difference in temperature and composition will directly affect the thermal conductivities of the system, ultimately influencing the product yield and purity .…”

“…It is not only scientifically essential for the design and optimization of various heat transfer processes but also very significant for identifying the internal structure of liquid mixtures, 14 and at the same time, accurate thermal conductivity data are also conducive to the conduction of various simulation studies. 15 Generally speaking, the difference in temperature and composition will directly affect the thermal conductivities of the system, ultimately influencing the product yield and purity. 16 In the quantity production of lenalidomide, the optimization of its preparation process, such as improving the yield or reducing energy consumption, will largely depend on the understanding of the thermal conductivities of its aforementioned reaction system.…”

Thermal Conductivities of [EMIM][EtSO4], [EMIM][EtSO4] + C2H5OH, [EMIM][EtSO4] + H2O, and [EMIM][EtSO4] + C2H5OH + H2O atT= (283.15 to 343.15) K

“…The thermal conductivity instrument (Xi’an Xiatech Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., TC 3020L) used here has been described eleswhere, including in our previous works. − The instrument is based on the transient hot-wire method. It mainly consists of two anodized 25 μm diameter tantalum wires as hot wires, a platinum resistance thermometer to measure the temperature of sample, a thermostatic bath (Hui Chuang, model YHX-2008) to provide an isothermal environment, and a data acquisition system.…”