Thermal conductivity measurement of liquid materials by a hot-disk method in short-duration microgravity environments

Nagai, Hiroki; Rossignol, Fabrice; Nakata, Yoshinori; Tsurue, Takashi; Suzuki, Masaaki; Okutani, Takeshi

doi:10.1016/s0921-5093(99)00519-5

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…From this point of view, Hibiya et al measured the thermal conductivity of molten InSb under microgravity using the TEXUS-24 rocket [2] and the drop shaft facility (microgravity of 10 −5 g for 10 s), Japan Microgravity Centre (JAMIC) [3,4]. Nagai et al [5,6] measured the thermal conductivity of molten mercury and silicon under microgravity of 10 −3 g for 1.2 s using the short-duration drop tower facility of the Hokkaido National Industrial Research Institute (HNIRI), Japan. Nagata and Fukuyama [7] measured the thermal conductivity of aluminium, nickel, and silicon melts by means of a transient hot wire method under microgravity of 10 −5 g using the drop shaft facility, JAMIC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Liquid Mercury and Gallium by a Transient Hot-Wire Method in a Static Magnetic Field

et al. 2006

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The transient hot-wire method, incorporating a static magnetic field, has been developed to measure thermal conductivities of liquid mercury and gallium. Prior to the measurements, the effect of an alumina-coated hot wire on the measurements has been evaluated. Natural convection in the liquid metals has been effectively suppressed by the Lorentz force acting on the liquid metals in a static magnetic field. The thermal conductivities of liquid mercury and gallium have been determined to be 7.9 W·m −1 ·K −1 at 291 K and 24 W·m −1 ·K −1 at 302.9 K, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Liquid Mercury and Gallium by a Transient Hot-Wire Method in a Static Magnetic Field

et al. 2006

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“…Thus, ZnO was formed on the surface of the ZGCCS and prevented wear debris from detachment effectively so that surface roughness of the worn surface was alleviated. According to the theoretic analysis of arc extinguishing of AgCdO and AgZnO contact material [14,15], the Zn-coated graphite restrained the eddy current wear. Meanwhile, the partial evaporated Zn will form a Cu-Zn alloy or just condense on the ZGCCS surface, which is beneficial to prevent premature oxidation of the worn surface during the electrical sliding wear process [16].…”

Section: Effects Of Zn On the Wear Of The Composite Contact Strip Agamentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Tribological Behavior of Graphite/Cu Matrix Self-Lubricating Composite Contact Strip by Electroplating Zn on Graphite

Chen

et al. 2008

Tribol Lett

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A novel Zn-coated graphite/Cu matrix selflubricating composite contact strip (ZGCCS) was prepared by electroplating, pressing plus roasting and its tribological behaviors against the copper disk were studied under the simulated actual conditions, in comparison with the common graphite/Cu matrix self-lubricating composite (GCCS). The wear rate of both the ZGCCS and the GCCS increased with the increment of the current density and the sliding velocity. However, the ZGCCS exhibited wear resistance superior to the GCCS, indicating the electroplating Zn on graphite played an important role in improving the wear resistance and the wear rate of the former was only one-third of the latter at the sliding velocity of 41.7 m/s and with the current density of 285A/cm 2 . Arc erosion wear, oxidative wear, and adhesive wear were the dominant mechanisms during the electrical sliding process. The arc erosion of the composite contact strip was remarkably reduced by the electroplating of Zn on graphite since the Zn-coated graphite particles were homogeneously distributed in the Cu matrix.

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“…Five of the lower viscosity liquids tested with this technique were also investigated in µ-g conditions, obtained using a drop-tower facility (10 −3 g, 1.4 s) [7]. Any steady natural convection flow that might exist prior to the drop is suppressed towards a zero-flow condition [7] -here assumed to occur instantly when the capsule is dropped [12].…”

Section: Tests In Microgravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Any steady natural convection flow that might exist prior to the drop is suppressed towards a zero-flow condition [7] -here assumed to occur instantly when the capsule is dropped [12].…”

Section: Tests In Microgravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, some experiments on insulating liquids performed in normal gravity conditions are compared with a series of corresponding tests performed in microgravity. A drop-tower facility [7] was used for these tests, where 1.4 s of microgravity conditions is obtained in a capsule during a 10 m free-fall drop. The purpose of these tests is to study if any possible convection influence in the experiments performed in normal gravity can be observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements of the Thermal Effusivity of a Drop-Size Liquid Using the Pulse Transient Hot-Strip Technique

2005

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The thermal effusivity of drop-size liquids was measured by the pulse transient hot-strip technique. A strip sensor, used as a thermometer and heat source, is deposited on a smooth surface of an electrically insulating background material -onto which an insulating liquid sample is applied, completely covering the strip probe. Experiments can be made controlling the thermal penetration depth to within some 10 µm of the liquid sample -here demonstrated by measuring a drop of water at about 1% uncertainty. Measurements were made on water and a series of silicone oils (kinematic viscosity from 5 to 50 cSt; 1 cSt = 10 −6 m 2 · s −1 ) in microgravity conditions using a 10 m drop tower (10 −3 g, 1.4 s), to investigate if any potential natural convection in the liquid at normal gravity condition is present, influencing the results. However, no such influence was observed.

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Thermal conductivity measurement of liquid materials by a hot-disk method in short-duration microgravity environments

Cited by 39 publications

References 12 publications

Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Liquid Mercury and Gallium by a Transient Hot-Wire Method in a Static Magnetic Field

Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Liquid Mercury and Gallium by a Transient Hot-Wire Method in a Static Magnetic Field

Improving the Tribological Behavior of Graphite/Cu Matrix Self-Lubricating Composite Contact Strip by Electroplating Zn on Graphite

Measurements of the Thermal Effusivity of a Drop-Size Liquid Using the Pulse Transient Hot-Strip Technique

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