Thermal decomposition and combustion of cocrystals of CL-20 and linear nitramines

Abstract

Cocrystals of CL-20/nitramine decompose into components at the melting point. Subsequent evaporation of nitramine leaves CL-20 in the amorphous state. The lack of the crystal lattice results in an increased decomposition rate of CL-20.

Reduce the Sensitivity of CL-20 by Improving Thermal Conductivity Through Carbon Nanomaterials

“…CL-20 (2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane)-based composites could possibly replace various explosive compounds such as RDX and HMX to produce high-performance explosives because of its excellent properties of density and energy. However, it cannot be quickly transmitted after experiencing rapid high-low temperature changes since its poor thermal property, which is easy to form the “hot spot” and seriously endanger the safety and reliability of the weapon system [ 1 – 7 ]. Therefore, it is of great significance to effectively improve the thermal conductivity and reduce the impact sensitivity.…”

Study on Comparative Performance of CL‐20/RDX‐based CMDB Propellants

“…The effects of CL-20 and RDX on basic properties of CMDB propellants were investigated, the major findings could be summarized as follows: 1) The calculations on energetic properties for CL-20/RDX-CMDB propellants showed that energetic properties of propellant with CL-20 were superior to of propellant with RDX. 2) The data on burning rate revealed that with the increase of RDX/CL-20 mass fraction in the propellants, the burning rates at low pressure (2-8 MPa) remained almost the same but differ observably at high pressure (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). With the increase of CL-20 mass fraction in the propellants, the burning rates of propellants could be enhanced significantly, but the burning rates of propellants containing RDX decreased.…”

“…Hexanitro hexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW or CL-20) is superior to hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and cyclo-tetra-methylenetetranitramine (HMX) with respect to density, enthalpy of formation, and oxygen balance [6][7][8][9]. CL-20 has evoked interest as a promising candidate, replacing various energetic compounds such as RDX, HMX and ammonium perchlorate (AP), for realizing the eco-friendly, high-performance, highspecific impulse(Isp), minimum signature propellants for futuristic missiles and space missions [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Solvate of 2,4,6,8,10,12‐Hexanitro‐2,4,6,8,10,12‐Hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL‐20) with both N2O4 and Stable NO2 Free Radical

“…It was shown previously that the evaporation of volatile compounds, such as 2,4‐dinitro‐2,4‐diazapentane (DNP) and 3,5‐dinitro‐3,5‐diazaheptane (DNG) from co‐crystals with CL‐20, leads to a noticeable decrease in the thermal stability of the latter . It has been suggested that due to the evaporation of volatile components, CL‐20 remained in amorphous form, which led to the disappearance of the stabilizing effect of the crystal lattice.…”