Thermal Decomposition and Kinetics of Pentlandite-Bearing Ore Oxidation in the Air Atmosphere

Božinović, Kristina; Štrbac, Nada; Mitovski, Aleksandra; Sokić, Miroslav; Minić, Duško; Marković, Branislav; Stojanović, Jovica

doi:10.3390/met11091364

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…According to the literature data, the effective activation energy of the processes accompanying the oxidation (when heated in air) of iron, copper, and zinc sulfides, as well as their natural and artificial mixtures of various sizes (from -0.043 to -12 mm), can be of 7-463 kJ•mol -1 [11,14,19,26,27,40,41,53,60,67,69,72,82,85]; the estimates obtained in this work (E r j = 124-455 kJ•mol -1 ) do not go beyond this range. The results of determining the reaction model show that the limiting step of all elementary oxidation reactions of the studied ore is nucleation and crystal growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important aspect of the technology is the intensity of oxidative roasting of the copper ore, which determines the specific productivity of the fluidized bed furnace and temperature and duration of the process; for its evaluation, information on the chemistry, kinetics, and mechanism of roasting is needed. A lot of publications are devoted to these questions in relation to copper-nickel ores [14], copper [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], zinc [17,28,29], nickel [30,31], and copper-cobalt [32] concentrates, as well as individual sulfide minerals which are part of them: pyrite [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], marcasite [47], mackinawite [48], pyrrhotite [34,36,39,[49][50][51][52][53][54], chalcopyrite [36,47,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics of solid-state oxidation of iron, copper and zinc sulfide mixture

2023

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The kinetics of solid-state oxidation by air of iron, copper and zinc sulfide natural mixture, which is typical of the pyritic copper ores, is investigated. Using the high-temperature X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, it was found that the process can be represented by five exothermic elementary reactions, corresponding to intensive burning of iron, copper and zinc sulfides, and two endothermic ones, associated with decomposition of copper and iron sulfates. Kinetic analysis is performed by Kissinger and Augis–Bennett methods, the model-free function mechanism was determined from y(α) master plots and iterative optimization of the kinetic parameters. The limiting steps of these reactions are nucleation and crystal growth, and the values of activation energy, pre-exponential factor and Avrami exponent are in the ranges of 140–459 kJ·mol–1, 1.41·104–3.49·1031 s–1, and 1.0–1.7, respectively. Crystallization is followed by an increase in the number of nuclei, which may be formed both at the interface and in the bulk of the ore particles, and crystal growth is one-dimensional and controlled by a chemical reaction at the phase boundary or diffusion. The results of the work can contribute to the development of theoretical ideas about the physicochemical transformations of pyritic ores and concentrates during pyrometallurgical operations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of solid-state oxidation of iron, copper and zinc sulfide mixture

2023

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“…Roasting (Thermal Decomposition and Kinetics of Pentlandite-Bearing Ore Oxidation in the Air Atmosphere [1]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Understanding of Unit Operations in Non-Ferrous Extractive Metallurgy in 2023

Stopic,

Friedrich

2024

Metals

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Metallic materials play a vital role in the economic life of modern societies; hence, research contributions are sought on fresh developments that enhance our understanding of the fundamental aspects of the relationships between processing, properties, and microstructures. Disciplines in the metallurgical field ranging from processing, mechanical behavior, phase transitions, microstructural evolution, and nanostructures, as well as unique metallic properties, inspire general and scholarly interest among the scientific community. Three of the most important elements are included in unit operations in non-ferrous extractive metallurgy: (1) hydrometallurgy (leaching under atmospheric and high-pressure conditions, mixing of a solution with a gas and mechanical parts, neutralization of a solution, precipitation and cementation of metals from a solution aiming at purification, and compound productions during crystallization), (2) pyrometallurgy (roasting, smelting, and refining), and (3) electrometallurgy (aqueous electrolysis and molten salt electrolysis). Advances in our understanding of unit operations in non-ferrous extractive metallurgy are required to develop new research strategies for the treatment of primary and secondary materials and their application in industry.

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“…Значительно сократить трудозатраты при экспериментальном опробовании новых технологий позволяет предварительное термодинамическое моделирование с использованием специализированных программных комплексов, в частности пакета прикладных программ HSC Chemistry («Outotec Research Oy», Финляндия) [18,19]. При-меры его применения к системам, характерным для технологии цветных металлов, описаны в работах [20][21][22][23][24]. В рамках разработки научных основ нового способа совместной переработки окисленных никелевых и сульфидных медных руд ранее выполнено термодинамическое моделирование фазообразования при нагреве их смесей, созданы расчетные модели, спрогнозированы показатели и обоснован режим плавки [25], а полученные результаты подтверждены лабораторными экспериментами [16].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Optimization of converting process for matte of oxidized nickel ores and sulfide copper ores joint smelting based on thermodynamic simulation

Klyushnikov

Maltsev

2022

Izv.VUZ. Tsvet. Met.

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The paper presents the results obtained in the thermodynamic modeling of converting copper-nickel matte (11.3 wt.% Ni + Cu + + Co, 61.5 wt.% Fe, 25.9 wt.% S) produced by joint smelting of oxidized nickel ore and sulfide copper ore. Calculations were made in the approximation of ideal molecular solutions using the HSC Chemistry software package (Outotec Research Oy, Finland). The possibility of low-iron matte, converter slag and gas phase separation was shown. Estimated conditional equilibrium constants of exchange reactions between low-iron matte and slag (KNi/Fe = 0.004÷0.005, KCo/Fe = 0.056÷0.099) are close to ideal values. Statistical data processing was carried out using the mathematical experiment planning method. The converting temperature (t = 1100÷1300 °C) and iron and sulfur oxidation completeness level (q = 0.9÷1.0) determining the air and flux (SiO2) consumption were chosen as the factors to study. Obtained mathematical models of the process were used for its optimization. It was shown that the best converting performance can be achieved at t = 1150 °С and q = 0.950 when the low-iron matte contains 70.7 wt.% Ni + Cu + Co. At a yield of 8.74 % of the charge mass, the nickel, copper and cobalt recovery rates are 67.9, 97.9 and 9.1 %, respectively. The supposed air consumption (145.1 m3 (under normal conditions) per 100 kg of matte) and SiO2 (34.4 kg per 100 kg of matte) as well as slag yield (89.1 % of the charge mass) are close to working regime parameters. The results of the study confirm the possibility of cost-effective processing of poor copper-nickel matte and after experimental verification they can be used to develop automation flowcharts for converter departments at existing and designed production facilities.

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Thermal Decomposition and Kinetics of Pentlandite-Bearing Ore Oxidation in the Air Atmosphere

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Kinetics of solid-state oxidation of iron, copper and zinc sulfide mixture

Kinetics of solid-state oxidation of iron, copper and zinc sulfide mixture

Advances in Understanding of Unit Operations in Non-Ferrous Extractive Metallurgy in 2023

Optimization of converting process for matte of oxidized nickel ores and sulfide copper ores joint smelting based on thermodynamic simulation

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