Thermal decomposition behavior of silica‐phenolic composite exposed to one‐sided radiant heating

Shi, Shengbo; Liang, Jun; He, Rujie

doi:10.1002/pc.23074

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…In addition, at fixed CST, the HC removal capacity was upgraded during higher ST. Similar expectations were recorded by earlier scholarly articles [49]. Figure 5(a) and (b) portrays the removal of LC in treated SBBWF contour and 3-D surface plots, respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Optimizing the Cellulose Content of Shea Butter Bark Wood Fibre through Alkali Pretreatment for Composite Application

Mike¹

2020

IJST

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Objectives: This study was aimed to optimize the cellulose content (CC) increase with the percentage removal of hemicellulose (HC) and lignin content (LC) of shell butter bark wood fiber (SBBWF) by alkalization process. The truth remains that natural fibers have many uses to be employed in all human activities. The minimization of plant waste is a secret for close economy by effectively converting it to useful ventures. Methods/findings: The SBBWF was inserted in variant solutions for the concentration of sodium hydroxide (CSH) at 3-9 wt% and the soaking time (ST) for 6-18 h. The SBBWF before and after pretreatment were analyzed through gravimetric method and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) to determine its composition and organic substance with corresponding functionality, respectively. The optimization was examined using the central composite design (CCD), an option in response surface methodology (RSM). The results at optimal conditions indicated that the increment in CC with the reduction of HC and LC was 97.9988%, 44.5245%, and 45.716%, respectively. The factors at this junction were CSH and ST at 3 wt% and 18 h, respectively. The R 2 values of CC, HC and LC had an approximation nearer to 1. The errors approximated by RSM and experimental readings were <0.43%. Application: Therefore, the modified SBBWF at this state is potential material in the component of composite manufacturing to be applied in domestic utilization.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Optimizing the Cellulose Content of Shea Butter Bark Wood Fibre through Alkali Pretreatment for Composite Application

Mike¹

2020

IJST

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“…It can be observed on the thermogram of pristine CNTs that there was almost no weight loss until approximately 600 °C because of the stability of the graphene structure. Above 600 °C, a small weight loss occurred, which was ascribed to the presence of metal impurities from CNT synthesis and amorphous carbon [ 66 , 67 ]. In the case of functionalized CNTs, a significant weight loss could be observed in the range of temperatures between 150 °C and 350 °C, which corresponded to the sulfur functional groups bonded to the CNT surface, as can be concluded by a comparison with the TGA curve of elemental sulfur.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur-Modified Carbon Nanotubes for the Development of Advanced Elastomeric Materials

et al. 2021

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The outstanding properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) present some limitations when introduced into rubber matrices, especially when these nano-particles are applied in high-performance tire tread compounds. Their tendency to agglomerate into bundles due to van der Waals interactions, the strong influence of CNT on the vulcanization process, and the adsorptive nature of filler–rubber interactions contribute to increase the energy dissipation phenomena on rubber–CNT compounds. Consequently, their expected performance in terms of rolling resistance is limited. To overcome these three important issues, the CNT have been surface-modified with oxygen-bearing groups and sulfur, resulting in an improvement in the key properties of these rubber compounds for their use in tire tread applications. A deep characterization of these new materials using functionalized CNT as filler was carried out by using a combination of mechanical, equilibrium swelling and low-field NMR experiments. The outcome of this research revealed that the formation of covalent bonds between the rubber matrix and the nano-particles by the introduction of sulfur at the CNT surface has positive effects on the viscoelastic behavior and the network structure of the rubber compounds, by a decrease of both the loss factor at 60 °C (rolling resistance) and the non-elastic defects, while increasing the crosslink density of the new compounds.

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“…In order to check the repeatability of the test, three or five specimens were tested for each temperature. It should be noted that more tests were performed in the temperature ranges of 20-135 C and 350-650 C. The reason is that these two temperature ranges correspond to the thermal softening and rapid thermal decomposition of silica/phenolic composite material, 31 respectively, which can cause reduction in mechanical properties of polymer-matrix composites.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation in compressive strength of silica/phenolic composites subjected to thermal and mechanical loading

Shi

Liang

et al. 2016

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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Reduction to the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced polymer composites occurs when the material is exposed to radiant heat flux and compressive loading. A thermo-mechanical model was developed to predict the compressive strength and the failure time of silica fiber-reinforced phenolic composites. The coupling heat and mass transfer processes, generation of pyrolysis gases, and their subsequent diffusion process were considered in the model. The thermal softening, thermal decomposition of the matrix material, and phase transition of the reinforced fibers, which reduce the strength of the material, were also taken into account in the formulation of the model. Pyrolysis kinetics of phenolic resin, volume fraction of phase component, temperature profile, compressive strength, and time-to-failure of silica/ phenolic composites were predicted using the developed model. The calculated temperature-dependent strength curve was compared with the experimental results measured by a high-temperature compression testing, and the agreement is good. The material fracture morphology was analyzed for silica-phenolic composite specimen after high-temperature compression testing.

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Thermal decomposition behavior of silica‐phenolic composite exposed to one‐sided radiant heating

Cited by 24 publications

References 30 publications

Optimizing the Cellulose Content of Shea Butter Bark Wood Fibre through Alkali Pretreatment for Composite Application

Optimizing the Cellulose Content of Shea Butter Bark Wood Fibre through Alkali Pretreatment for Composite Application

Sulfur-Modified Carbon Nanotubes for the Development of Advanced Elastomeric Materials

Degradation in compressive strength of silica/phenolic composites subjected to thermal and mechanical loading

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