2024
DOI: 10.20517/2347-9264.2024.119
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Thermal degradation of hyaluronic acid dermal fillers

Kyu-Ho Yi

Abstract: Hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal fillers are extensively used for facial volume enhancement. Despite their widespread use, HA fillers are prone to degradation due to various factors, including enzymatic activity, pH changes, ultrasound exposure, temperature variations, oxidative stress, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. To mitigate these issues, manufacturers have developed cross-linking techniques to improve the stability of HA fillers. Energy-based devices (EBDs) are increasingly utilized for purposes such as skin … Show more

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