Thermal degradation of polyurethane and polyurethane/expandable graphite coatings

Duquesne, Sophie; Bras, Michel Le; Bourbigot, Serge; Delobel, René; Camino, Giovanni; Eling, Berend; Lindsay, Christopher D.; Roels, T.

doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(01)00177-x

Cited by 176 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…For polyurethane containing 0.1 mass% of CNTs, the degradation products formed in first decomposition step have a major impact on the thermal stability of the rest of bond in material by increasing their degradation temperature. In the oxidative atmosphere, even a small addition of CNTs (0.1 mass%) to polyurethane composite leads to an improvement of thermal stability of bonds, whose degradation takes place in the second stage of degradation [17]. For polyurethane with graphite addition, no additional peaks on DTG curves in temperature range T max1 and T max2 were observed.…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The temperature at which this phenomenon begins depends on the type of the isocyanate (aromatic or aliphatic) and the alcohol from which the urethane groups were built [16]. In literature, this temperature is determined as that at which the samples suffer a mass fraction of 5 or 10 % [4,17]. These parameters were determined from the TG curves.…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of carbon fillers on the thermal properties of polyurethane foam

Ciecierska

Jurczyk-Kowalska

Bazarnik

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of different types of carbon filler on the thermal stability and flammability of rigid polyurethane foams. As a filler, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphite fakes were used. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the structure of foam and dispersion of nanofiller in polymer matrix. Thermal stability of these composites was determined by thermogravimetry analysis. Test was carried out under both nitrogen and air atmosphere. The degradation products were evaluated by thermogravimetry (TG) combined with infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR) measurements. The activation energy was measured by the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method from the TG curves. Flammability tests like limiting oxygen index and smoke density were also measured. No significant changes in the thermal stability of the composites were observed. The activation energy of sample containing carbon filler increased. Based on TG-IR, one can notice that there were no differences in the emitted volatile products during thermal degradation. Carbon filler enhanced fire retardancy of polyurethane foam; however, graphite gives better results.

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Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of carbon fillers on the thermal properties of polyurethane foam

Ciecierska

Jurczyk-Kowalska

Bazarnik

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…The peak at *2270 cm -1 is assigned to the N=C=O group [1,2,19,28]. The peak at *1717 cm -1 is assigned to the stretching vibrations of hydrogen-bonded C=O groups [17,19,24,[28][29][30][31]. The peak at *1530 cm -1 is from amide II (urethane N-H bending ?…”

Section: Ft-irmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and mechanical behaviour of flexible polyurethane foams modified with graphite and phosphorous fillers

2012

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Flexible polyurethane foams (FPF) are polymer materials that have high flammability. Fyrol PNX (FPNX) and expandable graphite (EG), have been used to modify the properties of these materials. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of improving the thermal stability and flame retardancy of FPF by the addition of FPNX and EG fillers. The prepared foams were characterised by their apparent density, hardness, flexibility, irreversible strain and linear flammability, as well as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC) measurements. The apparent density, hardness, flexibility and irreversible strain results showed that the addition of graphite and phosphorous fillers to the FPF makes slight changes to the mechanical properties, which remain within the acceptable norms. It was also observed that reducing the amount of Fyrol PNX and replacing it with the same amount of EG allowed similar values of linear flammability to be obtained with a simultaneous increase in thermal stability, as shown in the TGA study and the PCFC test. Moreover, it was found that the modification of flexible polyurethane foam by the addition of a mixture of FPNX and EG fillers allows the best properties of this type of materials to be obtained. This result indicates that this type of modification could be an effective way to improve the thermal stability of FPF.

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“…In addition, it can be easily prepared in diverse forms, such as fibers, films, and moldings. However, whereas many studies have assessed the physical properties and electrical conductivity of PET/CNT nanocomposites, there has been limited work in the area of PET/co-carbon fillers [14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridge effect of carbon nanotubes on the electrical properties of expanded graphite/poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites

Kim¹,

Park²

2012

Carbon letters

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In this work, expanded graphite (EG)-reinforced poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanocomposites were prepared by the melt mixing method and the content of the EG was fixed as 2 wt%. The effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a co-carbon filler on the electrical and mechanical properties of the EG/PET was investigated. The results showed that the electrical and mechanical properties of the EG/PET were significantly increased with the addition of MWCNTs, showing an improvement over those of PET prepared with EG alone. This was most likely caused by the interconnections in the MWCNTs between the EG layers in the PET matrix. It was found that the addition of the MWCNTs into EG/ PET led to dense conductive networks for easy electron transfers, indicating a bridge effect of the MWCNTs.

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Thermal degradation of polyurethane and polyurethane/expandable graphite coatings

Cited by 176 publications

References 3 publications

The influence of carbon fillers on the thermal properties of polyurethane foam

The influence of carbon fillers on the thermal properties of polyurethane foam

Thermal and mechanical behaviour of flexible polyurethane foams modified with graphite and phosphorous fillers

Bridge effect of carbon nanotubes on the electrical properties of expanded graphite/poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites

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