Thermal desorption mass analysis of carbon fiber surfaces:  surface oxygen complexes

Fagan, Dan T.; Kuwana, Theodore

doi:10.1021/ac00184a020

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…There are several physical methods of investigating the surface functionality on carbon that have been applied in the literature, including thermal desorption methods (which provide little information on the differing chemical identity of surface oxo groups), 32 TOF-SIMS, 33 electrochemistry, 18,25,26,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] and various spectroscopic techniques. Of the latter, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) [42][43][44][45][46][47] and vibrational spectroscopic methods 48,49 (infra-red and Raman spectroscopy) are the most common.…”

Section: Physical Characterisation Methods Used To Identify Surface O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterising chemical functionality on carbon surfaces

2009

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This feature article introduces the reader to the surface chemistry and structure of graphitic carbon materials, including carbon nanotubes. Recent work involving the development of dual labels that allow us to selectively and quantitatively label carboxyl and general carbonyl groups (such as quinones, ketones and aldehydes) and to distinguish between ortho- and para-quinone groups is reviewed. In addition, the mechanisms of covalent, chemical derivatisation of these surfaces and the reactive sites towards attack by radical and cationic intermediates are discussed, as well as the interesting effects on the pKa values of organic molecules that attachment to a carbon surface can induce. When combined, the methods described herein allow one to differentiate and explore the chemical functionality and reactive sites on graphitic carbon surfaces

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Section: Physical Characterisation Methods Used To Identify Surface O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterising chemical functionality on carbon surfaces

2009

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“…The characterisation of carbon surfaces has been extensively studied using both physical and chemical techniques. 22 Using methods such as XPS, 26,27 thermal decomposition methods, 28 vibrational spectroscopy 29 and electrochemistry, 30,31 many functional groups have been realised. Edge plane sites located on graphitic carbons present many functional groups which can react with the oxygen in the atmosphere to form various surface oxo-groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric pH sensing using carbon electrodes: glassy carbon behaves similarly to EPPG

Compton

2014

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Developing and building on recent work based on a simple sensor for pH determination using unmodified edge plane pyrolytic graphite (EPPG) electrodes, we present a voltammetric method for pH determination using a bare unmodified glassy carbon (GC) electrode. By exploiting the pH sensitive nature of quinones present on carbon edge-plane like sites within the GC, we show how GC electrodes can be used to measure pH. The electro-reduction of surface quinone groups on the glassy carbon electrode was characterised using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and optimised with square-wave voltammetry (SWV) at 298 K and 310 K. At both temperatures, a linear correlation was observed, corresponding to a 2 electron, 2 proton Nernstian response over the aqueous pH range 1.0 to 13.1. As such, unmodified glassy carbon electrodes are seen to be pH dependent, and the Nernstian response suggests its facile use for pH sensing. Given the widespread use of glassy carbon electrodes in electroanalysis, the approach offers a method for the near-simultaneous measurement and monitoring of pH during such analyses.

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“…A lot of literature has been reported to try to understand the structure of these oxidized carbon surfaces. [14][15][16] These modified surfaces cause some unwanted effects, such as adsorption, electron transfer kinetics and electrocatalysis during electrochemical processes. 17 Therefore, many efforts have focused on minimizing the extent of oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%