Thermal energy optimization using salt-based phase change materials obtained from the desalination of saline water

Yaghoubi, Sina; Babapoor, Aziz; Seyfaee, Ahmad

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2023.113463

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In recent years, significant research and development in the field of freezing desalination and cooling techniques have been conducted [11][12][13][14][15]. Fujioka et al [2] delved into freezing desalination and cooling from the bottom, introducing a circumferential stirrer ahead of the solidliquid interface to blend rejected solutes in the melt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for Maintaining Low and Constant Salinity in Ice During Desalination of Binary Mixtures Using Directional Solidification

Kumar,

Sarawagi

2024

Preprint

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Water scarcity is a global issue worsened by population growth, climate change, and industry. Freezing-based desalination shows potential with lower energy needs and less environmental impact. However, current freezing methods produce ice with inconsistent salt levels, and new solutions are needed. This paper proposes a novel method inspired by directional solidification principles to achieve uniform low salinity in ice formation. This study investigates the efficacy of directional solidification techniques for desalination, contrasting them with conventional top cooling methods. Three distinct setups were employed: Setup_1 utilized top cooling, while Setups 2 and 3 incorporated directional solidification akin to the Bridgman and Czochralski methods. The conventional approach often leads to non-uniform salinity distribution within ice structures due to complex convection phenomena, whereas directional solidification ensures consistent salinity throughout the ice volume. Experimental results demonstrate uniform salinity levels along the lengths of water solutions, measuring 0.34±0.04 wt% NaCl for 1.7 wt% NaCl water and 0.7±0.05 wt% NaCl for 3.4 wt% NaCl water. In multistaging desalination, this saline ice again melts and is further desalinized using the same leads to 0.1±0.05 wt% NaCl, which can be directly used for the drinking stage. Additionally, energy consumption analysis reveals directional solidification’s potential for significant energy savings, with around a 5% reduction observed compared to conventional methods for single-stage desalination. This study marks the initial exploration of desalination via directional solidification, suggesting avenues for further investigation, particularly concerning energy optimization through numerical simulations.

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