Perovskite-type lanthanum
iron oxide, LaFeO3, is a p-type
semiconductor that can achieve overall water splitting using visible
light while maintaining photostability. These features make LaFeO3 a promising photocathode candidate for various photoelectrochemical
cells. Currently, the photoelectrochemical performance of a LaFeO3 photocathode is mainly limited by considerable bulk electron–hole
recombination. This study reports a combined theoretical and experimental
investigation on the atomic doping of LaFeO3, in particular,
substitutional doping of La3+ with K+, to increase
its charge-transport properties and decrease electron–hole
recombination. The computational results show that K-doping enhances
not only the charge-transport properties but also photon absorption
below the bandgap energy of the pristine LaFeO3. The effect
of K-doping was systematically investigated by comparing the electronic
and atomic structures, majority carrier density, hole-polaron formation,
and optical properties of pristine and K-doped LaFeO3.
The computational results were then verified by experimentally characterizing
the crystal structures, compositions, optical properties, and photoelectrochemical
properties of LaFeO3 and K-doped LaFeO3 electrodes.
For this purpose, pristine LaFeO3 and K-doped LaFeO3 were prepared as high-surface-area, high-purity photoelectrodes
having the same morphology to accurately and unambiguously evaluate
the effect of K-doping. The combined computational and experimental
investigations presented in this study provide useful insights into
the effect of composition tuning of LaFeO3 and other p-type
oxides with a perovskite structure.