Thermal fatigue and thermal shock in bedrock: An attempt to unravel the geomorphic processes and products

Hall, Kevin; Thorn, Colin E.

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.09.022

Cited by 86 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Crucially, this mode of breakdown can operate via low magnitude (but repeated) thermal cycling and can induce crack propagation along existing planes of weakness in rock masses (Eppes et al, in press). The frequency, magnitude and rate of temperature fluctuations are all important for the efficacy of thermal fatigue, as are inherent rock properties (Hall and André, 2001;Hall and Thorn, 2014). In these respects, our finding that barnacle tests have a significant influence on subsurface thermal extremes and short-term fluctuations (as well as vertical gradients, at least for limestone and granite) supports an argument for encrusting species having a bioprotective role with respect to temperature-related deterioration.…”

Section: Thermal Fatiguesupporting

confidence: 57%

“…In real terms, measured rates of warming (always less than 0.2°C/min) are an order of magnitude below typicallyquoted thresholds for thermal shock (Δ2°C/min, Hall and Thorn, 2014;Richter and Simmons, 1974). This reflects the temperate summertime conditions simulated here (18°C to 29°C over a 6-hour period).…”

Section: Implications For Rock Breakdown and Coastal Engineering Matementioning

confidence: 57%

“…For example, temperature cycling within rocky substrates is indicative of mechanical stresses that are implicated in both fine-scale and landform-scale geomorphological change (e.g., Aldred et al, 2016;Collins and Stock, 2016;Eppes et al, 2015;Hall and Thorn, 2014;Vasile and Vespremeanu-Stroe, in press). In these respects, organic modulation of thermal regimes (both surface and subsurface) has potential importance for the efficacy of mechanical weathering, topographic change, and material decay (Coombes et al, 2013a).…”

Section: Coastal Rocks and Engineered Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This involves the progressive damage of a material via repeated thermal loading and the formation of tensile stresses that can eventually exceed elastic limits (see Hall and Thorn, 2014 for a comprehensive review). Crucially, this mode of breakdown can operate via low magnitude (but repeated) thermal cycling and can induce crack propagation along existing planes of weakness in rock masses (Eppes et al, in press).…”

Section: Thermal Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cool barnacles: Do common biogenic structures enhance or retard rates of deterioration of intertidal rocks and concrete?

Coombes

Viles

Naylor

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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Sedentary and mobile organisms grow profusely on hard substrates within the coastal zone and contribute to the deterioration of coastal engineering structures and the geomorphic evolution of rocky shores by both enhancing and retarding weathering and erosion. There is a lack of quantitative evidence for the direction and magnitude of these effects. This study assesses the influence of globally-abundant

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Section: Thermal Fatiguesupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Implications For Rock Breakdown and Coastal Engineering Matementioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Coastal Rocks and Engineered Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cool barnacles: Do common biogenic structures enhance or retard rates of deterioration of intertidal rocks and concrete?

Coombes

Viles

Naylor

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Numerical modelling, field data and rock instrumentation convincingly target solar-induced thermal stress as a key mechanism responsible for physical weathering on Earth [17][18][19][20][21] . In particular, a majority of non-bedrock boulders found in Earth's mid-latitude deserts exhibit cracks with strongly preferred, roughly north-north-east orientations ( Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cracks in Martian boulders exhibit preferred orientations that point to solar-induced thermal stress

et al. 2015

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The origins of fractures in Martian boulders are unknown. Here, using Mars Exploration Rover 3D data products, we obtain orientation measurements for 1,857 cracks visible in 1,573 rocks along the Spirit traverse and find that Mars rock cracks are oriented in statistically preferred directions similar to those compiled herein for Earth rock cracks found in mid-latitude deserts. We suggest that Martian directional cracking occurs due to the preferential propagation of microfractures favourably oriented with respect to repeating geometries of diurnal peaks in sun-induced thermal stresses. A numerical model modified here with Mars parameters supports this hypothesis both with respect to the overall magnitude of stresses as well as to the times of day at which the stresses peak. These data provide the first direct field and numerical evidence that insolation-related thermal stress potentially plays a principle role in cracking rocks on portions of the Martian surface.

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Fractures on comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko observed by Rosetta/OSIRIS

El‐Maarry

Thomas

Gracia-Berná

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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The Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System (OSIRIS) experiment onboard the Rosetta spacecraft currently orbiting comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko has yielded unprecedented views of a comet's nucleus. We present here the first ever observations of meter‐scale fractures on the surface of a comet. Some of these fractures form polygonal networks. We present an initial assessment of their morphology, topology, and regional distribution. Fractures are ubiquitous on the surface of the comet's nucleus. Furthermore, they occur in various settings and show different topologies suggesting numerous formation mechanisms, which include thermal insulation weathering, orbital‐induced stresses, and possibly seasonal thermal contraction. However, we conclude that thermal insolation weathering is responsible for creating most of the observed fractures based on their morphology and setting in addition to thermal models that indicate diurnal temperature ranges exceeding 200 K and thermal gradients of ~15 K/min at perihelion are possible. Finally, we suggest that fractures could be a facilitator in surface evolution and long‐term erosion.

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Thermal fatigue and thermal shock in bedrock: An attempt to unravel the geomorphic processes and products

Cited by 86 publications

References 104 publications

Cool barnacles: Do common biogenic structures enhance or retard rates of deterioration of intertidal rocks and concrete?

Cool barnacles: Do common biogenic structures enhance or retard rates of deterioration of intertidal rocks and concrete?

Cracks in Martian boulders exhibit preferred orientations that point to solar-induced thermal stress

Fractures on comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko observed by Rosetta/OSIRIS

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