Thermal history of Canadian Williston basin from apatite fission-track thermochronology—implications for petroleum systems and geodynamic history

Osadetz, Kirk G.; Kohn, Barry P.; Feinstein, Shimon; O’Sullivan, Paul B.

doi:10.1016/s0040-1951(02)00055-0

Cited by 68 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A more recent and sharply contrasting view, grounded firmly in apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronology (Osadetz et al, 2002;Belton et al, 2004;Kohn et al, 2009), is that even shield interiors are tectoni cally dynamic, with km-scale phases of burial and exhumation that require large vertical movements of deep-rooted continental crust and long periods of erosion during the Phanerozoic. Resolving this debate is important not only for assessing the stability of shields but also for reconstructing erosion histories on shields and quantifying sediment supply to intra-cratonic and marginal basins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phanerozoic denudation across the Kola Peninsula, Northwest Russia: implications for long-term stability of Precambrian shield margins

Hall¹

2015

NJG

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Contrasting views exist on the stability of the Earth's shield regions over the last 1 Ga that have major implications for reconstructing erosion patterns on shields and the supply of sediment to intra-cratonic and marginal basins. This paper explores Phanerozoic denudation rates and patterns on the northern part of the Fennoscandian Shield in the Kola Peninsula, Northwest Russia. This shield region was intruded by magmatic rocks of the Kola Alkaline Province (KAP) in the Devonian and Early Carboniferous. The KAP comprises a varied suite of alkali-ultramafic plutonic and hypabyssal intrusions, diatremes and dykes that was emplaced at various depths in the crust and allows assessment of depths and rates of erosion during and since the KAP magmatic episode. Further evidence of long-term denudation is provided by Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic cover rocks found around the margins of the Kola Peninsula and in the White Sea. The burial and exhumation history is compared to available Apatite Fission Track (AFT) data for the Kola Peninsula and adjacent areas. Post-Devonian denudation rates on the shield rocks of the Kola Peninsula have varied in space and time. Around the periphery of the Kola Peninsula, low long-term denudation of shield rocks is indicated by the survival of Riphean cover rocks and Late Devonian lavas, kimberlite crater facies and near-surface emplacement of dykes. In contrast, in the main belts of KAP intrusions, 4-6 km of rock was removed in response to doming between 460 and 360 Ma. Deep denudation is indicated by the emplacement depths of alkaline intrusions and Phoscorite-Carbonatite pipes (PCPs). Erosion on the Kola Peninsula since 360 Ma has been far more limited. Extensive, shallow, late-stage magmatism associated with PCPs, dykes and the large alkaline intrusions in the KAP indicates that erosion depths nowhere exceeded 2 km. PostDevonian denudation has removed <1 km of rock from the margins of the Kola Peninsula and from the backslope of the Saariselkä-Karelia scarp in northern Finland. AFT data point to an important phase of erosion in the early Mesozoic but depths of unroofing of 3-5 km based on AFT cooling ages for this later phase are in conflict with the evidence of lesser erosion provided by the late-stage KAP intrusions and also require unrealistic depths of former Devonian to Triassic cover rocks. Mean denudation rates were greatest (up to 40 m/Myr) during the KAP magmatic phase. Post-Devonian rates across the Kola Peninsula and adjacent shield areas were much lower (<3-6 m/Myr) and are compatible with low long-term denudation rates for other cratons. Further resolution of long-term denudation patterns and rates on the Kola Peninsula requires the application of low-temperature thermochronometry, detailed examination of the regional geomorphology and firmer dating of ancient weathering episodes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phanerozoic denudation across the Kola Peninsula, Northwest Russia: implications for long-term stability of Precambrian shield margins

Hall¹

2015

NJG

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“…Cratonic basins are always characterized by their low heat flow, such as the Michigan Basin (42.0-54.0 mW/m 2 ) (Speece et al, 1985), the Williston Basin (49.0 mW/m 2 ) (Osadetz et al, 2002) and the Paraná Basin in Brazil (56.0 mW/m 2 ) (Hurter and Pollack, 1996). Accordingly, the Sichuan Basin belonged to a tectonically stable craton block before the EMP developed, and its heat flow was similar to those of typical craton basins.…”

Section: Heat Flow History Of the Sichuan Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The thermal history of the Sichuan Basin, SW China: Evidence from the deep boreholes

Zhu

Qiu

et al. 2015

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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The Sichuan Basin is a superimposition basin composed of terrestrial and marine sediments that is well known for its abundant petroleum resources. Thermal history reconstruction using paleogeothermal indicators, including vitrinite reflectance and thermochronological data, shows that different structural subsections of the Sichuan Basin have experienced various paleogeothermal episodes since the Paleozoic. The lower structural subsection comprising the Lower Paleozoic to Middle Permian (Pz-P 2 ) successions experienced a high paleogeothermal gradient (23.0-42.6°C/km) at the end of the Middle Permian (P 2 ), whereas the upper structural subsection comprising Late Permian to Mesozoic strata underwent a relatively lower paleogeothermal gradient (13.2-26.9°C/km) at the beginning of the denudation (Late Cretaceous or Paleocene in the different regions). During the denudation period, the Sichuan Basin experienced a successive cooling episode. The high paleogeothermal gradient resulted from an intensive thermal event correlated to the Emeishan mantle plume. The heat flow value reached 124.0 mW/m 2 in the southwestern basin near the center of the Emeishan large igneous province. The low geothermal gradient episode with heat flow ranging from 31.2 to 70.0 mW/m 2 may be related to the foreland basin evolution. The cooling event is a result of the continuous uplift and denudation of the basin. paleotemperature gradient, paleo-heat flow, vitrinite reflectance, Emeishan mantle plume, Sichuan Basin Citation:

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“…The results indicate that the terrestrial heat flow in the Junggar basin is in 23.4∼56.1 mW/m 2 , 42.5±7.4 mW/m 2 on average, which is very close to that of the Tarim basin (43.0±8.5 mW/m 2 ), less than that of large-and medium-scale basins in central and eastern China and offshore [18−26] , also lower than that of the mean heat flow of China mainland (63±24.2 mW/m 2 ) [33] . Thus, the Junggar basin is classed as one of the so-called cold basins with heat flow less than 50 W/m 2 [34] , indicative of a tectonic setting consistent with typical cartonic basins in the world such as the Michigan basin [35] and Williston basin [36] . In the entire Junggar basin, the heat flow is largely in accordance with geotemperature gradients in distribution, both controlled by the relief of the basement structure.…”

Section: Quality Of Heat Flow Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Heat Flow and Lithospheric Thermal Structure in the Junggar Basin, Northwestern China

Rao

Zhu

et al. 2013

Chinese J of Geophysics

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Characteristics of present-day heat flow and thermal structure of lithosphere in basins are essential constraints to reveal the tectonic-thermal evolution process and to reconstruct thermal history of the basins, which are of great significance for research of basin dynamics and evaluation of petroleum resources. This work is based on 11 newly measured high-quality heat flow values from well-log temperature data in 102 boreholes, oil-test temperature data in over 400 new boreholes, and thermal conductivity data of 187 samples from 15 wells measured by optical scanning in the Junggar basin. Our purpose is to analyze features of heat flow and reveal thermal structure of lithosphere in this basin. The results show current geotemperature gradients between 11.6∼27.6 • C/km, 21.3±3.7• C/km on average; and surface heat flow between 23.4∼56.1 mW/m 2 ; 42.5±7.41 mW/m 2 on average; which imply a cold basin with low geotemperature gradients and low heat flow. These values in the Junggar basin are distributed in largely consistent patterns, primarily controlled by the structural shape of the basement. They are the highest at the uplift in the east, next at the Luliang uplift, relatively low in the Wulungu depression, central depression, and the uplift in the west, and lowest in the range-front depression of the North TianShan. Beneath the Junggar basin, the crustal heat flow is 18.8∼26.0 mW/m 2 , mantle heat flow 16.5∼23.7 mW/m 2 , the ratio of the former to the latter is 0.79∼1.58, indicative of a thermal structure of cold crust and cold mantle. The distribution of mantle heat flow values accords with topography of the Moho interface, which are high below uplifts and low beneath depressions in the basin.

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Thermal history of Canadian Williston basin from apatite fission-track thermochronology—implications for petroleum systems and geodynamic history

Cited by 68 publications

References 33 publications

Phanerozoic denudation across the Kola Peninsula, Northwest Russia: implications for long-term stability of Precambrian shield margins

Phanerozoic denudation across the Kola Peninsula, Northwest Russia: implications for long-term stability of Precambrian shield margins

The thermal history of the Sichuan Basin, SW China: Evidence from the deep boreholes

Characteristics of Heat Flow and Lithospheric Thermal Structure in the Junggar Basin, Northwestern China

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