Thermal–hydraulic modeling of water/Al2O3 nanofluid as the coolant in annular fuels for a typical VVER-1000 core

Ghazanfari, Valiyollah; Talebi, Mansour; Khorsandi, Jamshid; Abdolahi, R.

doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2015.11.008

Cited by 28 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They reported that no significant differences in thermohydraulic behaviour of Al2O3 and TiO2 nanofluids were observed in their work. Similar studies [11][12][13][14] reached a similar conclusion attained with different methods. These methods of solution included computational fluid dynamics, subchannel, single heated channel and porous media approaches.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…As previously anticipated, two of the key choices to be made when nanofluids considered in In some notably studies ( [8,10,12,[30][31][32][33][34] among others), due to lack of data, the values of specific heat capacity of nanoparticles at 25 o C were incorrectly adopted and used for calculations in NPPs under operational temperatures (around 300 o C). This incorrect input parameter along with applied BCs (inlet mass flux instead of inlet velocity that is a design parameter) have affected the results achieved in those articles, damaged their conclusions about using nanofluids and wrongly proposed some incorrect modifications.…”

Section: On the Use Of Boundary Conditions And Specific Heat Of Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the use of boundary conditions and thermophysical properties of nanoparticles for application of nanofluids as coolant in nuclear power plants; a numerical study

Bafrani

Noori-kalkhoran

Gei

et al. 2020

Progress in Nuclear Energy

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In the first part of the present study, a thermal-hydraulic subchannel code hereafter called 'SUBTHAC' is developed to evaluate the enhancement effects of nanoparticles in core heat transfer. The first version of SUBTHAC (V1.0) can analyze the steady state flow of coolant with Al2O3, TiO2 or CuO as nanoparticles (other types of nanoparticles can be added by the user). Different output profiles can be selected such as fluid temperature, pressure and velocity for each subchannel, clad outside temperature for each fuel rod, axial and lateral mass flow, etc. SUBTHAC uses a dedicated algorithm to solve the subchannel equations and, unlike many other codes, allows for thermophysical parameters of nanoparticles to be a function of the temperature, leading to improvement the accuracy of results. Results computed by SUBTHAC for base fluid (pure water) are validated against those obtained by COBRA-EN code. In the next step, with the aim of validating the capability of nanofluid analysis of SUBTHAC code, its nanofluids results have been validated against reference CFD simulations. After the validation, comprehensive numerical comparisons are conducted to assess the enhancement of thermal-hydraulic parameters by using nanofluids. It is shown that, among Al2O3, TiO2 and CuO nanofluids with volumetric concentration in the range of 1-5%, TiO2-3% and CuO-3% are the best choices to increase fluid outlet temperature and decrease clad temperature, respectively. Using nanofluids with a concentration higher than 3% volumetric is not justifiable as the core pressure drop increases up to more than 20%.In the second part of the manuscript, some relevant remarks are put forward on the assignment of boundary conditions (BC, i.e. inlet velocity/inlet mass flux/inlet Reynolds number) and the adoption of reliable values for specific heat capacity of nanoparticles in operational temperature of NPPs. The effects of using the above boundary conditions and incorrect values of the specific heat (as adopted in the literature so far) are depicted by presenting some profiles of coolant and clad temperature. Selecting different BCs and incorrect values of specific heat for nanoparticles can jeopardize the results of calculations.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: On the Use Of Boundary Conditions And Specific Heat Of Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the use of boundary conditions and thermophysical properties of nanoparticles for application of nanofluids as coolant in nuclear power plants; a numerical study

Bafrani

Noori-kalkhoran

Gei

et al. 2020

Progress in Nuclear Energy

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“…The steady‐state conservation equations governing mass, momentum, and energy for the nanofluid can be formulated as follows 30 :

\nabla . ({\rho }_{{nf}}V)=0,

{\rho }_{{nf}}(V.\nabla )V=-\nabla P+\nabla .\tau ,

${\rho }_{{nf}}{C}_{{nf}}(V.\nabla )=-\nabla .

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The steady-state conservation equations governing mass, momentum, and energy for the nanofluid can be formulated as follows 30 :…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal performance investigation of N‐shape double‐pipe heat exchanger using Al₂O₃, TiO₂, and Fe₃O₄‐based nanofluids

Salim,

Jihan,

Das

et al. 2024

Energy Science & Engineering

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Researchers and engineers are actively working on enhancing the efficiency of heat exchangers in engineering applications by developing novel designs, exploring new materials, and utilizing nanofluids. Three kinds of nanofluids with varying concentrations are investigated in this paper. The objective is to assess the performance of N‐shaped double‐pipe heat exchanger used in thermoelectric power plants. The performance has been evaluated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The findings show that higher nanofluid concentrations resulted in elevated heat transfer coefficients and improved efficiency of N‐shape double pipe heat exchanger. The analysis revealed that a mere 1% rise in the volume fraction of nanofluids enhanced the efficiency of the heat exchanger on average 23% when compared to the base fluid (water). In comparison to the N‐shape double pipe (Inconel 625) heat exchangers, the N‐shape double pipe (copper) heat exchangers appear to be more efficient. The introduction of nanoparticles has a notable impact on the heat transfer coefficients. Specifically, within an N‐shaped double pipe (copper) heat exchanger, the inclusion of a 1% volume fraction results in a 2.09% enhancement in the heat transfer coefficient for Al2O3/water, a 1.3% improvement for Fe3O4/water, and a 1.15% increase for TiO2/water. It also exposed that adding 1% Al2O3/water led to a significant 0.623% increase in effectiveness, while TiO2/water showed a 0.259% rise, and Fe3O4/water exhibited a 0.375% improvement. Moreover, increasing the Reynolds number enhances the Nusselt number for Al2O3/water and Fe3O4/water nanofluids by 55.22%, and for TiO2/water by 54.60% at a 6% volume concentration, leading to additional increases in exchanger efficiency. Therefore, the augmentation in nanofluid concentration leads to a reduction in the temperature pinch points both at the intake and outflow. This observation suggests that nanofluids exhibit a superior ability compared to conventional fluids when it comes to effectively lowering temperatures.

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“…Finite Volume Method (FVM) was implemented as solving procedure to solve 3D Navier-Stokes equation. The governing equations are showed below [38][39]:…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of thermo-hydraulic performance of MXene-based nanofluid as coolant in a dimpled channel: a numerical approach

Ahmed

Khanam

Samylingam

et al. 2022

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The present study numerically investigates the optimization of thermal performance in a dimpled channel using a promising genre of nanofluid which is equipped with the inclusion of two-dimensional (2D) MXene (Ti3C2) nanoparticles to the Soybean Oil. The stream-wise and span-wise variation of the spherical dimples were kept 3.00 and 3.15 over the flow domain with an elongation of 2.5 mm. The detailed evaluation of both the local and global parameters are carried out for 0.025%, 0.075% and 0.125% weight concentrations of MXene. The Reynolds Number are varied from 1000 to 6000 to understand the effect of both the laminar and turbulent flow characteristics in predicting the thermal performance. The simulations are carried out using Finite Volume Method (FVM) under constant heat flux, assuming the mixture of nanoparticles as homogeneous mixture. The results show that with the increase in the weight concentration of nanoparticles, thermal performances of the nanofluid increases. However, it is also identified that with the increase in Reynolds Number, the thermal performance increases under turbulent flow regime. On the contrary, thermal performance was observed to be decreased with the increase in Reynolds Number under laminar flow regime. An astounding improvement of 88.9% thermal performance is found for 0.125% weight concentrations of Soybean based MXene nanofluid which exclusively indicates the credibility of MXene nanofluid as a next generation potential candidate for heat exchanger industries.

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Thermal–hydraulic modeling of water/Al2O3 nanofluid as the coolant in annular fuels for a typical VVER-1000 core

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

On the use of boundary conditions and thermophysical properties of nanoparticles for application of nanofluids as coolant in nuclear power plants; a numerical study

On the use of boundary conditions and thermophysical properties of nanoparticles for application of nanofluids as coolant in nuclear power plants; a numerical study

Thermal performance investigation of N‐shape double‐pipe heat exchanger using Al₂O₃, TiO₂, and Fe₃O₄‐based nanofluids

Assessment of thermo-hydraulic performance of MXene-based nanofluid as coolant in a dimpled channel: a numerical approach

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Thermal–hydraulic modeling of water/Al2O3 nanofluid as the coolant in annular fuels for a typical VVER-1000 core

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

On the use of boundary conditions and thermophysical properties of nanoparticles for application of nanofluids as coolant in nuclear power plants; a numerical study

On the use of boundary conditions and thermophysical properties of nanoparticles for application of nanofluids as coolant in nuclear power plants; a numerical study

Thermal performance investigation of N‐shape double‐pipe heat exchanger using Al2O3, TiO2, and Fe3O4‐based nanofluids

Assessment of thermo-hydraulic performance of MXene-based nanofluid as coolant in a dimpled channel: a numerical approach

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Thermal performance investigation of N‐shape double‐pipe heat exchanger using Al₂O₃, TiO₂, and Fe₃O₄‐based nanofluids