Thermal management of single and multiple PCMs based heat sinks for electronics cooling

Mozafari, M.; Lee, Ann; Mohammadpour, Javad

doi:10.1016/j.tsep.2021.100919

Cited by 50 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…They discovered an improved thermal response in a TES system when several PCMs with different melting temperatures are housed in cylindrical capsules, compared to a conventional system with a single PCM. In our latest work [12], the advantage of employing multiple PCMs was also reported. It was found that employing a pair of PCMs (n-Eicosane/RT44) results in a better thermal performance of the heat sink than employing only one PCM (n-Eicosane or RT44).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A TES system with PCM can store 5-14 times more energy than a system using suitable storage materials of the same volume [6]. The usage of PCMs has received widespread interest, with clear evidence demonstrating the important roles they have in the storage and recovery of solar energy [7,8], energy savings in buildings [9][10][11], and electronics cooling [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the use of multiple PCMs with different melting temperatures has been shown to significantly improve the energy storage and recovery process, which has gained increasing attention in recent years [3,12,[18][19][20]. However, when a single-PCM is used, the rate of melting or solidification in different regions of the TES is different due to the non-uniform distribution of the natural convection induced vortexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation Study of Solidification in the Shell-And-Tube Energy Storage System with a Novel Dual-PCM Configuration

Mozafari

Lee

2022

Energies

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This study proposes a novel dual-PCM configuration with outstanding solidification response in a horizontal shell-and-tube energy storage system. To demonstrate that the proposed PCM configuration is superior in its thermal responses, results from a range of numerical simulations are presented and compared between different configurations of dual-PCM. As the melting/solidus point is a crucial factor for the solidification rate, dual PCMs are chosen such that the average of their melting point is equal to the melting point of the single-PCM in the reference case. Additionally, equal-area sectors are considered for all cases to ensure the same quantities of PCMs are compared. The temporal liquid fraction and temperature contours reveal that solidification is delayed in the upper half of the system due to strong natural convection motions. Therefore, a dual-PCM configuration is offered to improve the solidification rate in this region and accelerate the full solidification process. Results show that placing a PCM with a lower solidus point in the lower half or an annulus-shaped zone around the cold tube can save the full recovery time up to 8.51% and 9.36%, respectively. The integration of these two strategies results in a novel and optimum design that saves the solidification time up to 15.09%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation Study of Solidification in the Shell-And-Tube Energy Storage System with a Novel Dual-PCM Configuration

Mozafari

Lee

2022

Energies

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“…In this context, PCM can store or release a large amount of heat during the phase change process and are widely preferred in these systems (Lewis et al , 2004). Applications of PCMs have many including buildings (Kalbasi et al , 2023; Li et al , 2022), refrigeration (Bista et al , 2018; Schalbart et al , 2015) and thermal management of solar (Stalin et al , 2021; Venkatesan et al , 2022) and electronics systems (Mozafari et al , 2021; Nirwan et al , 2022). Despite having many benefits, most PCMs have a low thermal conductivity problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical study on the effects of inclination angle and container material on thermal energy storage by phase change material in a thick-walled disc

Kiyak,

Oztop,

Aksoy

2024

HFF

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of inclination angle on the thermal energy storage capability of a phase change material (PCM) within a disc-shaped container. Different container materials are also tested such as plexiglass and aluminium. This study aims to assess the energy storage capacity, melting behaviour and temperature distributions of PCM with a specific melting range (22°C–26°C) for various governing parameters such as inclination angles, aspect ratios (AR) and temperature differences (ΔT) and compare the melting behaviour and energy storage performance of PCM in aluminium containers to those in plexiglass containers. Design/methodology/approach A finite volume approach was adopted to evaluate the thermal energy storage capability of PCMs. Five inclination angles ranging from 0° to 180° were considered and the energy storage capacity. Also, the melting behaviour of the PCM and temperature distributions of the container with different materials were tested. Two different AR and ΔT values were chosen as parameters to analyse for their effects on the melting performance of the PCM. Conjugate heat transfer problem is solved to see the effects of conduction mode of heat transfer. Findings The results of the study indicate that as AR decreases, the effect of the inclination angles on the energy storage capacity of the PCM decreases. For lower ΔT, the difference between the maximum and minimum stored energies was 20.88% for AR = 0.20, whereas it was 6.85% for AR = 0.15. Furthermore, under the same conditions, the PCM stored 8.02% more energy in plexiglass containers than in aluminium containers. Originality/value This study contributes to the understanding of the influence of inclination angle, container material, AR and ΔT on the thermal energy storage capabilities of PCM in a novel designed container. The findings highlight the importance of AR in mitigating the effect of the inclination angle on energy storage capacity. Additionally, comparing aluminium and plexiglass containers provides insights into the effect of container material on the melting behaviour and energy storage properties of PCM.

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“…With the rapidly developing next-generation technologies, such as 5G communication, wide-band-gap (WBG) semiconductors, electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and solar cells, building efficient thermal management systems in electric devices has become critical. − Specifically, the severe thermal accumulation in electric vehicles is a significant challenge. , Moreover, owing to the increasing focus on eco-friendly policies, biobased materials have attracted significant attention. , Phase change materials (PCMs) such as paraffin, stearic acid, and palmitic acid can store and release large amounts of heat energy during the phase change from the solid state to the liquid state, which makes PCMs efficient thermal management materials. , However, flammability, which could lead to potential fire risks during the application of PCM composites, is the critical drawback hindering the organics from wide applications. , Sugar alcohols such as erythritol, xylitol, and mannitol are representative biobased PCMs, and their multiple hydroxyl groups induce a high level of latent heat through hydrogen interaction, which is the most important property of PCMs. Especially, erythritol has been widely used in food, medicine, chemical industry, and other fields due to its low hygroscopicity, high latent heat (390 J/g), and thermal stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Biobased Advanced Phase Change Material and Multifunctional Composites for Efficient Thermal Management

Lee

Yang

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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In this study, an advanced phase change material (PCM) was fabricated to combine the properties of a biobased thermoplastic polymer and the heat storage of PCM to overcome the limitations of the existing PCM composites. The novel PCM of erythritol (ET)-grafted polylactic acid (PLA) (ETPLA) was prepared by the in situ polymerization of ET and PLA. The thermally conductive ETPLA composites were fabricated by injection molding using a hybrid filler system of oxidized carbon fiber (CF-OH) and aluminum nitride (AlN), which showed a high through-plane thermal conductivity of 4.25 W/mK, a tensile strength of 16.4 MPa (1953% enhancement comparing pure ET), an elongation at break of 4.4% (189% enhancement comparing pure ET), and latent heat of 170.7 J/g. Thus, the ETPLA/CF-OH/AlN composites facilitate efficient thermal management to combine heat saving and heat dissipation through the large latent heat and high thermal conductivity. Thus, the fabricated PCM composites have potential applications in thermal management systems of next-generation electronic devices.

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Thermal management of single and multiple PCMs based heat sinks for electronics cooling

Cited by 50 publications

References 41 publications

Simulation Study of Solidification in the Shell-And-Tube Energy Storage System with a Novel Dual-PCM Configuration

Simulation Study of Solidification in the Shell-And-Tube Energy Storage System with a Novel Dual-PCM Configuration

A numerical study on the effects of inclination angle and container material on thermal energy storage by phase change material in a thick-walled disc

Fabrication of Biobased Advanced Phase Change Material and Multifunctional Composites for Efficient Thermal Management

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