Thermal management system modeling of a water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell

The desire to reduce the power electronics related issues has turned the attentions to passive coupling of powertrain components in fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEVs). In the passive coupling, the fuel cell (FC) stack is directly connected to an energy storage system on the DC bus as opposed to the active configuration where a DC‐DC converter couples the FC stack to the DC bus. This paper compares the use of passive and active couplings in a three‐wheel FCHEV to reveal their strengths and weaknesses. In this respect, a passive configuration, using a FC stack and a supercapacitor, is suggested first through formulating a sizing problem. Subsequently, the components are connected in an active configuration where an optimized fuzzy energy management strategy is used to split the power between the components. The performance of the vehicle is compared at each case in terms of capital cost and trip cost, which is composed of FC degradation and hydrogen consumption, and total cost of the system per hour. The obtained results show the superior performance of the passive configuration by 17% in terms of total hourly cost, while the active one only results in less degradation rate in the FC system.

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“…Aiming at avoiding oxygen starvation and maximum net power operation, respectively, the air flow control is designed based on constrained explicit model predictive control (MPC). For better thermal management and avoiding temperature fluctuation, through electrochemical reaction mechanism and thermodynamic principle analysis, a control‐oriented cooling system model is established which is verified on an experimental Ballard 14.4 kW system . In , in order to optimize the output power and avoid overheating under external load change, a PI controller based on optimal OER trajectory is proposed to regulate the air flow rate through cooling fans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐time thermal Management of Open‐Cathode PEMFC system based on maximum efficiency control strategy

Yin

Wang

et al. 2019

Asian Journal of Control

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Improving the efficiency of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system is the main problem should be solved for the commercialization of PEMFC. In this paper, the efficiency characteristic of PEMFC system under load and stack temperature variation is analyzed through theoretical modeling and experimental verification. For high efficiency operation of PEMFC system, the maximum efficiency control strategy (MECS) is proposed for thermal management of PEMFC system. According to the efficiency characteristics of PEMFC system, the optimal efficiency trajectory of system is obtained under maximum efficiency optimization (MEO). As PEMFC system is a nonlinear system with the characteristics of time-variation, and uncertainty, a constrained generalized predictive control (CGPC) is proposed to realize realtime optimal efficiency trajectory tracking. The MECS based on MEO and CGPC is implemented on-line, experimentally validated on the established H-300 open-cathode PEMFC system. The experimental result shows better tracking ability compared with PID control and testifies the validity of MECS for increasing the system efficiency. Therefore, the proposed MECS can provide better system dynamic response and higher system efficiency. KEYWORDS constrained generalized predictive control (CGPC), maximum efficiency control strategy (MECS), maximum efficiency optimization (MEO), Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), thermal management 1 | INTRODUCTIONWith the rapid development of science and technology, energy shortage and environmental pollution have attracted widely attention in the last decade. Hence, the development and utilization of clean and renewable energy become the inevitable trend in the world [1,2]. As the renewable energy such as solar and wind have the characteristic of intermittency and uncertainty, it is generally difficult to match the energy production with the energy demand in application [3,4]. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce hydrogen energy as the transit energy to help matching the energy production and energy demand. As an energy storage medium, hydrogen energy cross the fields of electricity, heat and fuel, which can promote the integration of energy supply and improve ---This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Thermal management system modeling of a water-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Cited by 87 publications

References 27 publications

Online energy management of a hybrid fuel cell vehicle considering the performance variation of the power sources

Online energy management of a hybrid fuel cell vehicle considering the performance variation of the power sources

Passive and Active Coupling Comparison of Fuel Cell and Supercapacitor for a Three‐Wheel Electric Vehicle

Real‐time thermal Management of Open‐Cathode PEMFC system based on maximum efficiency control strategy

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