Thermal manipulation of the broilers embryos: expression of muscle markers genes and weights of body and internal organs during embryonic and post-hatch days

Al‐Zghoul, Mohammad Borhan; El-Bahr, Sabry M.

doi:10.1186/s12917-019-1917-6

Cited by 32 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In contrast, our findings show that broiler BW was found to be higher in TM chicks compared to controls later in their post-hatch lives (post-hatch days 35 and 37). Corresponding with our results, reports have shown that TM led to a generally higher BW than in controls near marketing age [32]. Moreover, TM has been shown to enhance myoblast proliferation and pectoral muscle weights in broilers during their post-hatch life [31,50].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In the current study, TM was achieved by raising the incubation conditions to 39 • C and 65% RH for 18 h/day from ED 10 to 18. Previous studies used similar TM treatment parameters, including incubation at 39 • C for 18 h/day from ED 7-11, at 38.5 • C from ED 16 to 18 and at 39 • C for 18 h/day from ED 12 to 18, and these parameters were shown to significantly enhance BW as well as upregulate expression of muscle marker genes [27,[31][32][33]. The duration of TM was reported to affect thermotolerance acquisition in broilers, and different TM treatments led to differences in physiological parameters as well as varied mRNA expression profiles of heat shock genes [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HSF3 and Hsp70 Expression during Post-Hatch Cold Stress in Broiler Chickens Subjected to Embryonic Thermal Manipulation

Tarkhan

Saleh

Al‐Zghoul

2020

Veterinary Sciences

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Decades of selective breeding for commercial purposes have rendered the broiler chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) highly susceptible to heat and cold stress. A multitude of studies have documented the effects of thermal manipulation (TM) on broiler thermotolerance during periods of post-hatch heat stress, but very few have focused on the effect of TM on a broiler’s ability to withstand cold stress. Therefore, the primary objective of the current study is to determine the effects of TM on the acquisition of thermotolerance in broilers via their expression of the stress-associated 70 kilodalton heat shock protein (Hsp70) gene and heat shock factor 3 (HSF3) gene. Briefly, Hubbard broiler embryos were subject to TM by increasing the incubation temperature to 39 °C and 65% relative humidity (RH) for 18 h daily, from embryonic days (ED) 10 to 18. Broilers were then exposed to cold stress by decreasing the room temperature to 16 °C during post-hatch days 32 to 37. After thermal challenge, broilers were euthanized and hepatic and splenic tissues were collected. Our results showed that TM decreased the hatchability rate and body temperature but improved the body weight gain. TM generally decreased the hepatic expression but did not change the splenic expression of HSF3 during cold stress. In contrast, both hepatic and splenic Hsp70 expression decreased during cold stress. The results of the present study may suggest that TM significantly affects a broiler’s genetic response to cold stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HSF3 and Hsp70 Expression during Post-Hatch Cold Stress in Broiler Chickens Subjected to Embryonic Thermal Manipulation

Tarkhan

Saleh

Al‐Zghoul

2020

Veterinary Sciences

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“…In the current study, TM was found to result in significantly lower T C on post-hatch days (PD) 1 and 37 and higher body weights (BW) on PD 37 compared to controls. Correspondingly, it has often been reported that TM treatments significantly increased broiler BW [37,40,41] and improved their abilities to regulate their T C in periods of heat challenge [31,32,42]. Lower T C during heat stress also improved feed conversion ratios in TM broilers, and it has been suggested that the lower T C in TM broilers is due to slower metabolic rates as a result of the TM treatment [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Heat stress is a major cause of oxidative damage in poultry, and it is associated with a modulation in the expression of antioxidant genes, including catalase, NOX4, and SOD2 [10,13]. Thermal manipulation (TM) has often been suggested as a viable method of improving the acquisition of thermotolerance in heat-stressed broilers [31,[36][37][38]. However, the effects of TM and subsequent heat challenge on broiler antioxidant capacity has not been extensively explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryonic Thermal Manipulation Affects the Antioxidant Response to Post-Hatch Thermal Exposure in Broiler Chickens

Saleh

Tarkhan

Al‐Zghoul

2020

Animals

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Thermal stress is a major source of oxidative damage in the broiler chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) due to the latter’s impaired metabolic function. While heat stress has been extensively studied in broilers, the effects of cold stress on broiler physiologic and oxidative function are still relatively unknown. The present study aimed to understand how thermal manipulation (TM) might affect a broiler’s oxidative response to post-hatch thermal stress in terms of the mRNA expression of the catalase, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) genes. During embryonic days 10 to 18, TM was carried out by raising the temperature to 39 °C at 65% relative humidity for 18 h/day. To induce heat stress, room temperature was raised from 21 to 35 °C during post-hatch days (PD) 28 to 35, while cold stress was induced during PD 32 to 37 by lowering the room temperature from 21 to 16 °C. At the end of the thermal stress periods, a number of chickens were euthanized to extract hepatic and splenic tissue from the heat-stressed group and cardiac, hepatic, muscular, and splenic tissue from the cold-stressed group. Catalase, NOX4, and SOD2 expression in the heart, liver, and spleen were decreased in TM chickens compared to controls after both cold and heat stress. In contrast, the expression levels of these genes in the breast muscles of the TM group were increased or not affected. Moreover, TM chicks possessed an increased body weight (BW) and decreased cloacal temperature (TC) compared to controls on PD 37. In addition, TM led to increased BW and lower TC after both cold and heat stress. Conclusively, our findings suggest that TM has a significant effect on the oxidative function of thermally stressed broilers.

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“…The manipulated chicks preferred the lower ambient temperature, but no effect of thermal manipulation on behaviour and performance were observed [18]. The effect of thermal manipulation was not detected in case of body weight in broiler, but the manipulation induced the up-regulation of muscle grow factors and muscle marker genes [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Examination the effect of post-hatch heat-treatment and heat-stress in Transylvanian Naked Neck chicken

Tóth

Szabadi

Lázár

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background One of the most critical global problem nowadays is the increased environmental temperature. Agriculture is very susceptible to this adverse effect because the productivity of animals and poultry decreased. Although several studies reported the effects of heat-stress in chicken, the expression profile of heat-shock proteins and heat shock factors was not investigated in the gonads and germ cells of Transylvanian Naked Neck chickens. Methods In the first experiment, 24 hours after hatching 80 chicks were heat treated on 38.5oC ambient temperature with 60% humidity for 12 hours. After maturation, their primary productivity parameters, such as egg production, abnormalities in embryo development, sperm quantity, concentration, and motility were studied following two weeks of heat-stress on 30 °C room temperature. In the second experiment, the thermal manipulation of 60 chicks was the same but 15 treated and 15 control chicks were sacrificed immediately after the treatment. The other 15–15 chickens were raised to maturity. Expression levels for two heat-shock proteins and four heat shock factors were determined by real-time PCR in the gonads of heat-treated and heat-stressed chickens. Results We found that the heat-treated layers had significantly higher egg production than the control group in heat-stressed conditions. In cockerels, the sperm quality did not differ significantly between the heat-treated and heat-stressed group and the heat-stressed but not heat-treated group. We examined the expression pattern of HSPs and HSFs in the gonads. We found that the expression of HSP90 and HSF4 increased significantly (p < 0.05) in heat-treated female chick gonads but in adult females the expression of HSF2 and HSF3 were significantly lower compared to the control. In case of adult heat-treated males, the HSP70, HSF1 and HSF3 expression levels showed a significant increase in both gonads, compared to the control expression levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion Heat shock proteins and heat-shock factors protect cells against different stressors, including heat stress. Our findings show a significant effect on egg production but not on the sperm quality after post-hatch heat treatment in heat stress condition. The presented significant differences might be related to the increased expression level of HSP90 and HSF4 in heat-treated chickens.

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Thermal manipulation of the broilers embryos: expression of muscle markers genes and weights of body and internal organs during embryonic and post-hatch days

Cited by 32 publications

References 42 publications

HSF3 and Hsp70 Expression during Post-Hatch Cold Stress in Broiler Chickens Subjected to Embryonic Thermal Manipulation

HSF3 and Hsp70 Expression during Post-Hatch Cold Stress in Broiler Chickens Subjected to Embryonic Thermal Manipulation

Embryonic Thermal Manipulation Affects the Antioxidant Response to Post-Hatch Thermal Exposure in Broiler Chickens

Examination the effect of post-hatch heat-treatment and heat-stress in Transylvanian Naked Neck chicken

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