Thermal monitoring of laser metal deposition strategies using infrared thermography

Mazzarisi, Marco; Angelastro, Andrea; Latte, Marco; Colucci, Teresa; Palano, F.; Campanelli, Sabina Luisa

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.11.067

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Mazzarisi et al [221] investigated how different DED scanning methods-unidirectional, bidirectional (with and without contour), and spiral patterns-affect the heat distribution in materials using IR thermography. The authors extracted important features, including the average and maximum temperature of the melt pool, thermal cycles, rates of cooling, and thermal gradients.…”

Section: Thermal Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in 3D Printing: Directed Energy Deposition Techniques, Defect Analysis, and Quality Monitoring

Imran,

Che Idris,

De Silva

et al. 2024

Technologies

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This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in additive manufacturing, a transformative approach to industrial production that allows for the layer-by-layer construction of complex parts directly from digital models. Focusing specifically on Directed Energy Deposition, it begins by clarifying the fundamental principles of metal additive manufacturing as defined by International Organization of Standardization and American Society for Testing and Materials standards, with an emphasis on laser- and powder-based methods that are pivotal to Directed Energy Deposition. It explores the critical process mechanisms that can lead to defect formation in the manufactured parts, offering in-depth insights into the factors that influence these outcomes. Additionally, the unique mechanisms of defect formation inherent to Directed Energy Deposition are examined in detail. The review also covers the current landscape of process evaluation and non-destructive testing methods essential for quality assurance, including both traditional and contemporary in situ monitoring techniques, with a particular focus given to advanced machine-vision-based methods for geometric analysis. Furthermore, the integration of process monitoring, multiphysics simulation models, and data analytics is discussed, charting a forward-looking roadmap for the development of Digital Twins in Laser–Powder-based Directed Energy Deposition. Finally, this review highlights critical research gaps and proposes directions for future research to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of Directed Energy Deposition systems.

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Section: Thermal Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in 3D Printing: Directed Energy Deposition Techniques, Defect Analysis, and Quality Monitoring

Imran,

Che Idris,

De Silva

et al. 2024

Technologies

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“…The microstructure of any alloy depends on the cooling rate [12]. There are some research works on numerical simulation focusing on the cooling rates of laser additive manufacturing technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are some research works on numerical simulation focusing on the cooling rates of laser additive manufacturing technology. The researchers analyzed the cooling rate trends for each deposition [13] and for different hatch and contouring strategies [12] of direct laser metal deposition techniques. The melt pool depth, width, and length increased linearly with laser power which was analyzed by the simulation [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Preheating on Thermal Behavior in Inconel 718 Processed by Additive Manufacturing

Chowdhury,

Palleda,

Kakuta

et al. 2024

Thermo

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Preheating is important to improve the mechanical properties of nickel-based superalloys processed by additive manufacturing. The microstructure of IN718 was found to be influenced by the preheating temperature. Different preheating temperatures affect mechanical properties by changing microstructures. This work aims to clarify the thermal behavior for two preheated base plate temperatures (200 °C and 600 °C) on the IN718 superalloy built by the selective laser melting (SLM) process using the finite element method and experiments. The simulation findings indicate that the preheated 600 °C model has a deeper melt pool, a slower transformation of liquid to solid, and a slower cooling rate compared to the 200 °C model. As a result, the interdendritic Niobium (Nb) segregation of IN718 is reduced, thus improving the mechanical properties of additive-manufactured IN718 using the laser. The solidification map derived from the simulation indicates a columnar microstructure for the IN718 superalloy. Preheating increased the size of the dendrite structure and reduced elemental segregation, but it did not affect the morphology or size of crystal grains. We focused on comparing the temperature gradient and cooling rate for the two preheated base plate temperatures using the solidification map of IN718. The simulation confirmed that preheating does not affect the grain structure.

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“…Under specific process conditions, despite the fact that the surface quality of the laser cladding coating is intact, defects such as cracks and pores potentially occur inside [13]. Mazzarisi et al mentioned [14] that a high number of cracks was found in areas with higher temperature and thermal gradient variations. Such defects have negative impact on the performance and behavior of AM-produced alloys [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Process Parameters on Microstructure and High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance of Laser-Clad IN718 Coating on Cr5Mo Steel

Martínek

Peng

et al. 2023

Coatings

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Cr5Mo steel with high thermal strength is frequently applied as the material for hydrocracking furnace tubes. Nonetheless, Cr5Mo tubes are prone to material failure in a high-temperature environment, threatening production safety. Considering that the IN718 nickel-base superalloy has favorable high-temperature oxidation resistance, the IN718 coating was fabricated on Cr5Mo substrate through laser cladding. The effect of process parameters on the high-temperature oxidation resistance of laser cladding IN718 coating was investigated. The results confirm that laser power and scanning speed affected the eutectic quantity precipitation of this layer, and the eutectic quantity precipitation was positively correlated with the mass gain of the coating. The high-temperature behavior of the coating could be divided into surface oxidation, intergranular corrosion, and material shedding. The scanning speed has a more significant impact on the high-temperature oxidation resistance. When the scanning speed is 15 mm/s, cracks originating in the heat-affected zone could exert a negative impact on the high-temperature oxidation resistance.

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Thermal monitoring of laser metal deposition strategies using infrared thermography

Cited by 27 publications

References 54 publications

Advancements in 3D Printing: Directed Energy Deposition Techniques, Defect Analysis, and Quality Monitoring

Advancements in 3D Printing: Directed Energy Deposition Techniques, Defect Analysis, and Quality Monitoring

Effects of Preheating on Thermal Behavior in Inconel 718 Processed by Additive Manufacturing

Effects of Process Parameters on Microstructure and High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance of Laser-Clad IN718 Coating on Cr5Mo Steel

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