Thermal Output Observations from Fe-Ni-Cr Metal Foil Strain Gages

Kieffer, T. P.; Zhu, Yong

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-00768-7_48

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“…For comparison, measurements of thermal output and gage factor are included for strain gages made with 36Ni‐57Fe‐7Cr (Isoelastic) material. This material possesses high gage factor and high thermal output and is commercially available in metal foil strain gages used for both stress analysis applications like design validation and failure studies; and for precision transducers sensing weight, pressure, displacement, etc …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of short range order on the thermal output and gage factor of Ni₃FeCr strain gages

Kieffer

Peters

2017

Strain

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The ability of alloy 70Ni-27.5Fe-2.5Cr to form an ordered crystalline structure upon application of elevated temperature and the resulting effects on a variety of physical properties such as magnetism, strength, electrical resistance, and specific heat are well known. This paper demonstrates that strain gages made with 70Ni-27.5Fe-2.5Cr foil with an ordered crystalline structure have both high gage factors and high thermal outputs. The thermal output for strain gages made of 70Ni-27.5Fe-2.5Cr foil is demonstrated to be about 1,374 μΩ/Ω/K. The gage factor is nonlinear ranging in magnitude from about 5.0 to 3.6 for applied strains of 300 and 1,300 μE, respectively. The magnitude of gage factor and thermal output correspond with transformation of the crystalline structure from a state of disorder to a state of order. Comparisons to strain gages made with 36Ni-57Fe-7Cr foil are provided because of its use in the manufacturing of metal foil strain gages and their demonstrated high gage factors and high thermal outputs. Practical application for 70Ni-27.5Fe-2.5Cr strain gages is demonstrated by dead-weight loading of shear-beam load cells at low applied strain levels to minimise the effect of nonlinear gage factor; and Wheatstone bridge cancellation of high thermal output. KEYWORDS gage factor, metal foil strain gages, Ni 3 FeCr, short range order, thermal output | INTRODUCTIONCrystalline order in Ni 3 Fe binary and several Ni 3 Fe ternary alloys has been reported extensively in the literature, primarily on two types of topics: the effect of crystalline order on material property; and the method by which crystalline order is detected. Material properties have included hardness and work hardening, [1] elastic constants and strength, [2] thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient, [3] specific heat, [4] and magnetic permeability.[5] The material property may actually be quite sensitive to crystalline order as reported by Binnatov et al. [4] where specific heat appeared to be more sensitive than Mossbauer spectroscopy in detecting crystalline order. Regarding the specific strain gage properties of thermal output and gage factor in Ni 3 Fe ternary alloys, no prior research relating these to crystalline order was found. Detection of crystalline order has typically been by indirect measurement, most notably electrical resistivity. As such, the bonded electrical resistance strain gage may be ideally suited for detection of crystalline order since thermal output and gage factor involve change in electrical resistivity with the former being from change in temperature and the latter being from change in applied strain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of short range order on the thermal output and gage factor of Ni₃FeCr strain gages

Kieffer

Peters

2017

Strain

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Thermal Output Observations from Fe-Ni-Cr Metal Foil Strain Gages

Cited by 1 publication

References 2 publications

The effect of short range order on the thermal output and gage factor of Ni₃FeCr strain gages

The effect of short range order on the thermal output and gage factor of Ni₃FeCr strain gages

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Thermal Output Observations from Fe-Ni-Cr Metal Foil Strain Gages

Cited by 1 publication

References 2 publications

The effect of short range order on the thermal output and gage factor of Ni3FeCr strain gages

The effect of short range order on the thermal output and gage factor of Ni3FeCr strain gages

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The effect of short range order on the thermal output and gage factor of Ni₃FeCr strain gages

The effect of short range order on the thermal output and gage factor of Ni₃FeCr strain gages