2019
DOI: 10.3390/su11143948
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Thermal Perception in Mild Climate: Adaptive Thermal Models for Schools

Abstract: A comprehensive assessment of indoor environmental conditions is performed on a representative sample of classrooms in schools across southern Spain (Mediterranean climate) to evaluate the thermal comfort level, thermal perception and preference, and the relationship with HVAC systems, with a comparison of seasons and personal clothing. Almost fifty classrooms were studied and around one thousand pool-surveys distributed among their occupants, aged 12 to 17. These measurements were performed during spring, aut… Show more

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Cited by 18 publications
(23 citation statements)
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“…In existing school buildings, a measurement campaign was carried out and a data collection protocol applied to the classrooms selected [25], covering the following aspects:…”
Section: Samplementioning
confidence: 99%
See 2 more Smart Citations
“…In existing school buildings, a measurement campaign was carried out and a data collection protocol applied to the classrooms selected [25], covering the following aspects:…”
Section: Samplementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The measurements were subject to a series of limitations imposed by the sample, including classroom typology climate zones defined in southern Spain and net floor areas < 105 m 2 and window areas < 17 m 2 [27]. In existing school buildings, a measurement campaign was carried out and a data collection protocol applied to the classrooms selected [25], covering the following aspects:…”
Section: On-site Measurementsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Mainly, its focus is to control CO 2 concentration, pollutants, and suspended particles [27] to avoid the development of symptomatology and respiratory health related to prolonged periods of exposure [28]. According to the national regulation, this ventilation must be mechanically controlled since 2007, also including an air filtering system, to ensure this IAQ, but given that the adaptation could entail a huge investment and a higher energy consumption, several public institutions in Spain are imposing natural ventilation as the only system for IAQ control, against standards.In this way, previous studies in classrooms of southern Spain [16,17], Portugal [12], France [29], Italy [30], and other south European locations [31] have shown poor indoor conditions, both thermal and clean air, which can relate to the appearance of symptoms like dizziness, dry skin, headache, or tiredness. This environmental exposure has a significant effect on both the academic performance [32][33][34], the general health of the users and their psychological and social development [35], existing evidences of poor indoor air quality in schools with correlation with negative effects on the students' health, which potentially can lead to asthma or allergic diseases [36], which are two of the most prevalent diseases in children and young people [37], and can be mainly related to the high values found in classrooms for bacteria and PM, given their pro-inflammatory role [38].In this way, previous studies in European schools analyzed the link between the IAQ conditions, obtained through measurements of CO 2 , PM, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with health questionnaires made by parents, spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide tests, and asthma tests with medical kits [29,38].…”
mentioning
confidence: 82%
“…In this way, previous studies in classrooms of southern Spain [16,17], Portugal [12], France [29], Italy [30], and other south European locations [31] have shown poor indoor conditions, both thermal and clean air, which can relate to the appearance of symptoms like dizziness, dry skin, headache, or tiredness. This environmental exposure has a significant effect on both the academic performance [32][33][34], the general health of the users and their psychological and social development [35], existing evidences of poor indoor air quality in schools with correlation with negative effects on the students' health, which potentially can lead to asthma or allergic diseases [36], which are two of the most prevalent diseases in children and young people [37], and can be mainly related to the high values found in classrooms for bacteria and PM, given their pro-inflammatory role [38].…”
mentioning
confidence: 82%