Thermal performance of shelter modelling: Improvement of temporary structures

Obyn, Sophie; Moeseke, Geoffrey Van; Virgo, V.

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.12.035

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The simulation showed that a well-sealed, insulated building with southern windows will help in keeping the heat inside the building and lessen the heat loss in winter while a night-ventilated building with good insulation can help keeping the indoor climate more tolerable in summer. Obyn, et al (2015) presented a model using the Energy plus simulation program to study the thermal behavior of the family shelter for emergency situations used by UNHCR, IFRC and ICRC. The model was calibrated and validated with in situ measurements which provides an objective assessment of the shelter performance for any given context and climate exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Passive Techniques on Thermal Behavior of Emergency Shelters

Hamdan¹,

Elhamid²,

Dabbour³

2021

Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol.

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Due to emergency situations, many people are living under degraded conditions as displaced persons and refugees.Unfortunately, shelters commonly used in humanitarian context do not ensure comfortable conditions for their occupants. This study investigates the impact of utilizing passive climatization techniques on the indoor thermal comfort of the occupants in refugee settlements under Jordan's climate using the Design Builder software. Several passive techniques were simulated, including orientation, floor, wall and roof insulation, and natural ventilation. The simulation results indicated that the thermal comfort has improved when using the aforementioned techniques by 9.72% offering 23% comfort hours throughout the year.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Passive Techniques on Thermal Behavior of Emergency Shelters

Hamdan¹,

Elhamid²,

Dabbour³

2021

Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol.

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“…Using the calibrated model to assess design improvements for cold and hot conditions based on increased insulation and an ideal load heater and cooler, they showed that the passive performance of the tent could be little improved for hot season conditions. Obyn et al (2015) studied the thermal performance of the standard family tent deployed by aid-agencies, questioning the extent to which building simulation could reproduce performance of this lightweight semi-translucent structure. Yu et al (2016) studied the night-time performance of bamboo shelters and proposed construction variants based on their thermal performance in scale models during the cold season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, even fewer studies deal with the simulation of temporal shelters, all of which focus on emergency tents (Crawford et al 2005;Cornaro et al 2015;Obyn et al 2015). Of these studies, only Obyn et al (2015) focus explicitly on the agreement between simulation and experimental results, assuming full knowledge of design specification and construction. Here, the 95 % confidence intervals of indoor temperatures are reported to be within 2 °C for their control case in Brussels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of thermal modelling and prototyping in shelter design

Fosas

Moran

Natarajan

et al. 2019

Building Research & Information

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More than 9 million people live in shelters globally, often in extremely hot climates. The thermal performance of shelters is often overlooked in the design process, despite being a consideration second only to safety in surveys of camp dwellers. Indeed, indoor temperatures exceeding 40 °C have been recorded in previous studies. To aid in improving conditions, the roles building simulation and prototyping could play in forecasting shelter thermal performance as part of a new shelter design process are examined. The thermal performance of prototypes, built in the refugee camp of Azraq, was monitored during the hot season to evaluate four design approaches: (1) "blind" (uncalibrated) models, (2) calibrated models, (3) on-site design-variants and (4) off-site prototypes. These included the original shelter and six design alternatives implementing different overheating countermeasures. The results demonstrate that blind models are sensitive to the judgement of uncertainties but were still qualitatively useful. Model calibration vastly improves the agreement and significantly enhances forecasts of performance for the design alternatives, which remained similar across examined climates. It is therefore concluded that simulation and prototyping, either on-site or off-site, should be adopted within the shelter design process before mass deployment, to create better living conditions for their dwellers.

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“…In the temporary shelters after 2015 Nepal earthquake, it was reported that the indoor thermal environment is almost equal to the outdoor air temperature [6]. In the study of temporary shelters by numerical analysis, it was reported about construction of prediction model [7] and improvement of heat insulating performance by multilayer insulator [8]. However, there are no reports of subject experiments on Temporary shelter and the comfort of the car and tent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective Experiment on the Habitability of a Temporary Emergency Shelter Made of Corrugated Cardboard

Nakaya¹,

Shibata²

2018

JCCEE

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In this study, we investigated indoor thermal environment survey and sleep in temporary shelters. Temporary shelters are three types of outdoor tents and cars, and newly developed temporary emergency shelter made corrugated cardboard. For each temporary shelter, indoor air temperature in summer and winter was measured. In summer, the corrugated shelter and the tent opened windows at night, so the indoor temperature and outside air temperature became the same level. As insects came in the car, it was difficult to open the window at night. In winter, the corrugated shelter and tent have the same level of indoor temperature and outdoor temperature. Because the airtight performance of the car is high, the lowest temperature in the room was maintained at around 10°C. Subject experiments of sleep were carried out on each temporary shelter using OSA sleep inventory.The subjective statements on the quality of sleep indicate that, in summer, the corrugated cardboard temporary shelter received the highest score, followed by the tent, and finally the automobile. In winter, the corrugated cardboard temporary shelter received the highest rating, followed by the automobile, and finally the tent. The Interview survey was conducted on each temporary shelter. The corrugated cardboard temporary shelter was evaluated highly for corrugated floor panels, the size of the space, the freedom of occupancy. The interior space of the car and the tent was narrow, it was difficult to stay for a long term, and it was a low evaluation.

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Thermal performance of shelter modelling: Improvement of temporary structures

Cited by 31 publications

References 7 publications

Impact of Passive Techniques on Thermal Behavior of Emergency Shelters

Impact of Passive Techniques on Thermal Behavior of Emergency Shelters

The importance of thermal modelling and prototyping in shelter design

Subjective Experiment on the Habitability of a Temporary Emergency Shelter Made of Corrugated Cardboard

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