Thermal properties and laser processing of hot-pressed materials from Ti–Al–C system

Abstract

The work concerns the characterization of polycrystalline materials composed in Ti-Al-C system such as Ti 2 AlC and Ti 3 AlC 2 . The starting powders were synthesized from metal powder in nitrogen overpressure with the use of SHS method. Such obtained powders were chemically described and hot-pressed at temperatures 1100°C and 1300°C. The densification measurements were taken on obtained sintered bodies. The chemical composition analysis and microstructural observation of hot-pressed materials were made. The obtained MAX phase Young's modulus was examined in the temperature range 25-600°C by resonance method. The thermal properties of the thermogravimetric analysis were made in air flow to determine the oxygen resistance. The MAX phase polycrystals were taken under laser flash analysis, which allowed to measure directly thermal diffusivity and specific heat and to calculate indirectly thermal conductivity up to the temperature of 700°C. Additionally, the polycrystalline material was laser treated in continuous work mode. The hotpressed MAX nanolaminates were laser ablation and laser welding processed, which is new in the literature. The laser beam-treated material places were microstructurally investigated by scanning electron microscopy and chemically by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The result of laser processing was discussed regarding material preparation route and its thermal properties.

Synthesis, sintering, and effect of surface roughness on oxidation of submicron Ti2AlC ceramics

“…The same approach was used by Zhou et al 12 with fine commercial Maxthal® Ti 2 AlC powder. Elemental powders of Ti, Al, and C have been used in various other routes, such as arc melting 14 or SHS 15‐18 . Ti‐aluminides and TiC were always found in the final product.…”

“…Elemental powders of Ti, Al, and C have been used in various other routes, such as arc melting 14 or SHS. [15][16][17][18] Ti-aluminides and TiC were always found in the final product. A maximum yield of 99.7% of Ti 2 AlC and Ti 3 AlC 2 was obtained by Hendaoui et al 16 after a mechanical activation of elemental powders and additions of excess Al.…”

“…Different synthesis routes with diverse outcomes were pursued and some of them (with purity values) are listed in Table 1. Solid-state-based synthesis routes such as reactive hot pressing, 7 reactive hot isostatic pressing, 5 solid-liquid reaction synthesis, 8,9 reactive sintering, 10 pressureless sintering, 11,12 spark plasma sintering, 13 arc melting, 14 and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) [15][16][17][18] can be distinguished from ionic-liquid medium-assisted routes such as molten salt synthesis. 19 Barsoum et al 7 aimed the production of bulk polycrystalline Ti 2 AlC via reactive hot pressing (HP) of a Ti:Al 4 C 3 :C mixture at 1600°C and 40 MPa.…”

Synthesisation, Fabrication, and Incorporation Techniques of MAX Phase and MXene Saturable Absorber in Passively Q-switched and Mode-locked All-fibre Laser Cavities: A Review

“…By incorporating MAX phase Ti3AlC2 as the SA in any erbium-doped fibre laser (EDFL), Ahmad et al, [44] accomplished the Q-switched pulse train in 2020. This was made possible by exceptional optical and electrical assets of Ti3AlC2 Following that, MAX phase materials such as V2AlC, Ti3CNTx, Nb2CTx, Ta4C3Al have been widely synthesised and fabricated as SAs using various methods and techniques for showing pulsed laser operations, by employing passive Q-switching as well as passive mode-locking [45][46][47][48][49].…”