Thermal Rectification of Integrated Microheaters for Microring Resonators in Silicon Photonics Platform

Bahadori, Mehdi N.; Gazman, Alexander; Janosik, Natalie; Rumley, Sébastien; Zhu, Ziyi; Polster, Robert; Cheng, Qixiang; Bergman, Keren

doi:10.1109/jlt.2017.2781131

Cited by 60 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…PWM‐based electronics enables a power‐efficient method for controlling of thermal switches . By changing the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the heat dissipated in the heater can be effectively varied so that the microring resonant wavelength can be finely tuned.…”

Section: Pwm Electronics Design Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While more sophisticated models to predict the temperature variation in a microring have been developed, Equation (1) provides a simple and effective method to estimate

Δ T

using

f_{PWM}

, τ, and

Δ T_{m a x}

and is one of the key design principles of the proposed work. Using Equation (1), it is sufficient to measure or to simulate the thermal time constant and the maximum temperature change of the controlled photonic element to estimate the thermal ripple (provided a decent estimation of the thermal response can be evaluated using the first‐order model).…”

Section: Pwm Electronics Design Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

PWM‐Driven Thermally Tunable Silicon Microring Resonators: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization

Pintus

Hofbauer

Manganelli

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Ring resonators are one of the fundamental building blocks of advanced integrated optical circuits. They find applications as nonlinear optical elements, filters, sensors, and switches among others. Here, a comprehensive optimization framework and experimental results of thermally tunable microring resonators in silicon photonics is presented, with a focus on standard silicon photonic foundry processes. In order to minimize the total power consumption, the ring resonators are tuned by applying a pulse‐width‐modulated electrical signal to the heaters. The thermal performance of integrated silicon and metal heaters are investigated and compared using an effective model validated by the measurement results. The heater power consumption is minimized by optimizing heater cross section, resistance, and metal contact configurations. Using the multiproject wafer run developed at CEA‐LETI, it is demonstrated that a metal heater provides 30% lower power consumption compared to an integrated silicon one, reaching a power consumption of 27.53 mW per free spectral range. The measurements are in excellent agreement with the theoretically predicted thermal performance, with a deviation as low as 5%. The proposed framework, supported by the experimental results, will serve as a design guideline set that can be easily adapted for other thermo‐optic switches in future silicon photonic applications.

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Section: Pwm Electronics Design Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While more sophisticated models to predict the temperature variation in a microring have been developed, Equation (1) provides a simple and effective method to estimate

Δ T

using

f_{PWM}

, τ, and

Δ T_{m a x}

Section: Pwm Electronics Design Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PWM‐Driven Thermally Tunable Silicon Microring Resonators: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization

Pintus

Hofbauer

Manganelli

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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show abstract

“…The large index contrast between the core (silicon) and cladding (silica) layers enables a strong confinement of the lightwave and thus leads to a much smaller footprint than on the InP platform. Silicon exhibits a strong thermo-optic (T-O) coefficient (1.8 × 10 −4 K −1 ), and we have showed that this can be leveraged to tune the phase in tens of microseconds [55]. However, silicon does not possess linear electro-optic effects and its quadratic effects are very weak.…”

Section: Silicon-based Optical Switchesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Photonic switching in high performance datacenters [Invited]

et al. 2018

Self Cite

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Photonic switches are increasingly considered for insertion in high performance datacenter architectures to meet the growing performance demands of interconnection networks. We provide an overview of photonic switching technologies and develop an evaluation methodology for assessing their potential impact on datacenter performance. We begin with a review of three categories of optical switches, namely, free-space switches, III-V integrated switches and silicon integrated switches. The state-of-the-art of MEMS, LCOS, SOA, MZI and MRR switching technologies are covered, together with insights on their performance limitations and scalability considerations. The performance metrics that are required for optical switches to truly emerge in datacenters are discussed and summarized, with special focus on the switching time, cost, power consumption, scalability and optical power penalty. Furthermore, the Pareto front of the switch metric space is analyzed. Finally, we propose a hybrid integrated switch fabric design using the III-V/Si wafer bonding technique and investigate its potential impact on realizing reduced cost and power penalty.

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“…The thermo-optic MRRs are placed at a pitch of 100µm to minimize thermal crosstalk. Their measured resonance shift shows a thermal efficiency of 1 nm/mW [30], and the 3 dB passbands of the MRRs are measured to be ∼24 GHz [29]. The switch fabric has a compact footprint of 1.6×2.5 mm 2 with 34 electrical bonding pads.…”

Section: Optical Switch Fabricmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Silicon Photonic Switching Platform for Flexible Converged Centralized-Radio Access Networking

Browning

Cheng

Abrams

et al. 2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Thermal Rectification of Integrated Microheaters for Microring Resonators in Silicon Photonics Platform

Cited by 60 publications

References 40 publications

PWM‐Driven Thermally Tunable Silicon Microring Resonators: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization

PWM‐Driven Thermally Tunable Silicon Microring Resonators: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization

Photonic switching in high performance datacenters [Invited]

A Silicon Photonic Switching Platform for Flexible Converged Centralized-Radio Access Networking

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