Thermal requirements in vitro of epidermal cells from seals

Feltz, Elmer T.; Fay, Francis H.

doi:10.1016/s0011-2240(66)80020-2

Cited by 111 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Blood flow to the skin may be reduced in colder temperatures slowing down regeneration within the epidermis (Feltz and Fay 1996). Although Holmes et al (1993) suggest that bodily contact is the most likely form of transfer for epifauna, calves appear to be particularly susceptible, suggesting the barrier provided by adult skin might not be completely developed in calves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Epidermal Conditions in California Coastal Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Monterey Bay

Maldini¹,

Riggin

Cecchetti³

et al. 2010

AMBIO

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The prevalence of epidermal conditions in a small population of coastal bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Monterey Bay was evaluated between 2006 and 2008. Five different skin condition categories were considered, including Pox-Like Lesions, Discoloration, Orange Film, Polygon Lesions, and Miscellaneous Markings. Of 147 adults and 42 calves photographically examined, at least 90 and 71%, respectively, were affected by at least one or multiple conditions. Pox-Like Lesions were the most prevalent, affecting 80% of the population, including adults and calves. This condition warrants the most urgent investigation being possibly indicative of the widespread presence of poxvirus or a similar pathogen in the population. In view of the high number of individuals affected, standard monitoring of the health status of Monterey Bay bottlenose dolphins is considered imperative. Discoloration was strongly associated with Pox-Like lesions. Orange Films were likely an epifaunal infestation caused by diatoms, which have been documented in other cetacean species. Polygon Lesions, a newly described category, could be the result of infestation by barnacles of the genus Cryptolepas. Miscellaneous Markings were variable in appearance and may not have the same causative factor. Although none of the proposed etiologies can be confirmed without appropriate clinical tests, recognizing common visible characteristics of the conditions could aid in preliminary comparisons across populations and individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Epidermal Conditions in California Coastal Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Monterey Bay

Maldini¹,

Riggin

Cecchetti³

et al. 2010

AMBIO

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“…At that time, direct exposure to solar radiation is important to achieving the elevated skin temperatures necessary for epidermal (skin and hair) regeneration (Feltz and Fay 1966). We refer to the period between lair abandonment and ice break-up as the basking period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal home ranges and fidelity to breeding sites among ringed seals

et al. 2010

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Population structure and patterns of habitat use among ringed seals (Phoca hispida) are poorly known, in part because seasonal movements have not been adequately documented. We monitored the movements of 98 ringed seals in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas between 1990 and 2006 using three forms of telemetry. In the winter-spring period (when the seals were occupying shorefast ice), we used radio and ultra-sonic tags to track movements above and below the ice, respectively. We used satellite-linked transmitters in summer and fall (when the seals ranged away from their winter sites) to track at-sea movements. In the shorefast ice habitat, the home ranges of 27 adult males ranged from \1 to 13.9 km 2 (median = 0.628) while the home ranges of 28 adult females ranged from \1 to 27.9 km 2 (median = 0.652). The 3-dimensional volumes used by 9 seals tracked acoustically under the ice averaged 0.07 (SD = 0.04) km 3 for subadults and adult males and 0.13 (SD = 0.04) km 3 for adult females. Three of the radio-tracked seals and 9 tracked by satellite ranged up to 1,800 km from their winter/spring home ranges in summer but returned to the same small (1-2 km 2 ) sites during the ice-bound months in the following year. The restricted movements of ringed seals during the ice-bound seasonincluding the breeding season-limits their foraging activities for most of the year and may minimize gene flow within the species.

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“…Then during moult, which may start as early as January and is usually finished by March (Andrews-Goff unpubl. data), the peak in haulout at midafternoon when solar radiation is at its greatest allows for a more efficient moult as skin temperature is increased (Feltz & Fay 1966, Schneider & Payne 1983, Boily 1995. Nocturnal haulout as a general behaviour has been described for a number of northern hemisphere seals, including the Saimaa seal Phoca hispida saimensis (Kunnasranta et al 2002), the Baltic grey seal Halichoerus grypus (Sjöberg et al 1995), captive harp seals Pagophilus groenlandicus (Moulton et al 2000) and Baltic ringed seals Phoca hispida botnica (Harkonen et al 2008), and in these cases, was considered a response to prey behaviour, disturbance and weather.…”

Section: Winter Haulout Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 96%

Factors influencing the winter haulout behaviour of Weddell seals: consequences for satellite telemetry

Andrews‐Goff¹,

Hindell²,

Field³

et al. 2010

Endang. Species. Res.

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An understanding of pinniped haulout behaviour can provide information on how animals interact with their environment, their foraging strategies and the behaviour of their prey. For Weddell seals Leptonychotes weddelli, knowledge of haulout patterns and the environmental drivers of haulout is comprehensive for the austral spring and summer, but is poorly described outside this period. Pinniped behaviour is commonly examined using satellite telemetry; however, it is unclear whether the behavioural state of the seal can itself influence data acquisition. We examined haulout behaviour of female Weddell seals in eastern Antarctica over 3 winters (March to August, 2006August, -2008 using satellite-linked data loggers. Haulout behaviour followed a diel cycle with predominantly nocturnal haulouts. The environmental variables wind speed and temperature were influential on haulout, with seals tending to haul out more in lower winds and at higher temperatures. Haulout duration decreased across the winter, as did the number of satellite uplinks, suggesting that haulout duration played a role in data acquisition. There was no evidence of a decline in tag condition over this period, indicating that the decrease in uplinks was primarily the result of the winter behaviour of the seals. Overall, the number of haulout locations in the data set was over-represented, with more uplinks per hour occurring when the seals were hauled out than when they were at sea. For Weddell seals and other ice seals, tracking data that include haulout locations can bias spatial representations of foraging behaviour (e.g. haulout sites may be mistaken for regions of area-restricted search).

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Thermal requirements in vitro of epidermal cells from seals

Cited by 111 publications

References 6 publications

Prevalence of Epidermal Conditions in California Coastal Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Monterey Bay

Prevalence of Epidermal Conditions in California Coastal Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Monterey Bay

Seasonal home ranges and fidelity to breeding sites among ringed seals

Factors influencing the winter haulout behaviour of Weddell seals: consequences for satellite telemetry

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