Thermal responsive photopolymerization 3D printed shape memory polymers enhanced by heat transfer media

Abstract

Photosensitive resins are the research and development foundation of photopolymerization 3D printed products. We have found that cyclic trimethylolpropane formal acrylate (CTFA) and 2-phenoxy ethyl acrylate (PHEA) resins are suitable for UV-curable 3D printing consumables. Their photopolymers exhibit excellent shape memory characteristics at shape change temperature, shape recovery speed, shape extension limit, and shape maintenance ability. Moreover, we have analyzed the internal and external factors affecting these shape memory characteristics through several tests, including multi-scale structure observation, thermal analysis, and mechanical tests. Furthermore, the complex hollow model design and multiple heat transfer media are adopted to expand the concept of additive manufacturing, and improve the practicability of 4D printing intelligent products.

A 4D-Printable Photocurable Resin Derived from Waste Cooking Oil with Enhanced Tensile Strength

“…These properties position it as a potential multifunctional polymer consumable suitable for 4D printing applications. However, it is worth noting that the tensile strength of this WCO-based resin (0.48 MPa) falls significantly short when compared to other petroleum-based 4D-printable photocurable resins reported in the literature (mostly in the range of 2-60 MPa) [61][62][63][64][65]. For instance, Chung et al employed N-Vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), O-polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted polyetherimide (PEI-GMA) in the fabrication of 4D-printable photopolymers, achieving a tensile strength of 4.3 MPa [62].…”

“…For instance, Chung et al employed N-Vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), O-polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted polyetherimide (PEI-GMA) in the fabrication of 4D-printable photopolymers, achieving a tensile strength of 4.3 MPa [62]. In a separate study, Yang et al utilized cyclic trimethylolpropane formal acrylate (CTFA) and 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (PHEA) for the synthesis of a 4D-printable photosensitive resin, resulting in a tensile strength of 2.8 MPa [65]. As a result, its use is limited in applications that require the ability to withstand substantial forces.…”

Photopolymerization and characterization of vinyl imidazole based allyl derivative polymers; Cr3+ and Cd2+ metal adsorption and antibacterial studies

“…Because simple and rapid production of materials (e.g., photopolymerization) with special properties leads to a wide range of potential applications. In this sense, There are many industrial applications such as photolithography, 3 coating, 4 microfluidic device production, 5 4D bioprinting‐3D prototyping, 6,7 tissue engineering, 8 medicine, 9 dentistry, 10 and gas adsorption applications 11 where photopolymerization is used.…”