Thermal sensation at index finger while applying external pressure at upper arm

Gan, Yiming; Liu, Yuqing; Ding, Xin; Pan, Ning

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2012.05.002

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Also, a similar frequency distribution analysis of thermal ratings has been previously reported in the literature (24). In line with Gan et al (24) and with our previous findings (18), we believe that, because of the variable nature of subjective responses, reorganizing the collected data in this format would make the potential differences in the regional distribution of wetness perception across the torso easier to identify.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

Body mapping of cutaneous wetness perception across the human torso during thermo-neutral and warm environmental exposures

Filingeri

Fournet²,

Hodder

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Sensing skin wetness is linked to inputs arising from cutaneous cold-sensitive afferents. As thermosensitivity to cold varies significantly across the torso, we investigated whether similar regional differences in wetness perception exist. We also investigated the regional differences in thermal pleasantness and whether these sensory patterns are influenced by ambient temperature. Sixteen males (20 ± 2 yr) underwent a quantitative sensory test under thermo-neutral [air temperature (Tair) = 22°C; relative humidity (RH) = 50%] and warm conditions (Tair = 33°C; RH = 50%). Twelve regions of the torso were stimulated with a dry thermal probe (25 cm(2)) with a temperature of 15°C below local skin temperature (Tsk). Variations in Tsk, thermal, wetness, and pleasantness sensations were recorded. As a result of the same cold-dry stimulus, the skin-cooling response varied significantly by location (P = 0.003). The lateral chest showed the greatest cooling (-5 ± 0.4°C), whereas the lower back showed the smallest (-1.9 ± 0.4°C). Thermal sensations varied significantly by location and independently from regional variations in skin cooling with colder sensations reported on the lateral abdomen and lower back. Similarly, the frequency of perceived skin wetness was significantly greater on the lateral and lower back as opposed to the medial chest. Overall wetness perception was slightly higher under warm conditions. Significantly more unpleasant sensations were recorded when the lateral abdomen and lateral and lower back were stimulated. We conclude that humans present regional differences in skin wetness perception across the torso, with a pattern similar to the regional differences in thermosensitivity to cold. These findings indicate the presence of a heterogeneous distribution of cold-sensitive thermo-afferent information.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

Body mapping of cutaneous wetness perception across the human torso during thermo-neutral and warm environmental exposures

Filingeri

Fournet²,

Hodder

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…"dry") was considered as representing no perception of wetness ("dry"). At this point, the frequency of times the same cold-dry stimulus was perceived as "dry" or as "wet" was calculated and analysed by a Chi-square test.A similar frequency distribution analysis of thermal ratings has been previously reported in the literature (see Gan et al 2012 (thermo-neutral exercise) and 33.6 ± 0.2°C (Warm rest) for the upper back, and between 27 ± 0.2°C (thermo-neutral exercise) and 32.1 ± 0.2°C (Warm rest) for the lower back. Average ∆Tsk from pre-to post-stimulation (as a result of each of the six stimuli, applied to each skin site, during each of the four experimental conditions), were calculated and found to be normally distributed (p >0.05).…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

“…A similar frequency distribution analysis of thermal ratings has been previously reported in the literature (see Gan et al 2012 Baseline thermal sensation scores (pre-stimulation) were respectively: -1.1 ± 0.1 (thermo-neutral rest); +0.9 ± 0.1 (Warm rest); +0.7 ± 0.1 (thermo-neutral exercise);…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

Thermal and tactile interactions in the perception of local skin wetness at rest and during exercise in thermo-neutral and warm environments

Filingeri

Redortier²,

Hodder

et al. 2014

Neuroscience

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Abstract AbstractThe central integration of thermal (i.e. cold) and mechanical (i.e. pressure) sensory afferents is suggested as to underpin the perception of skin wetness. However, the role of temperature and mechanical inputs, and their interaction, is still unclear. Also, it is unknown whether this intra-sensory interaction changes according to the activity performed or the environmental conditions. Hence, we investigated the role of peripheral cold afferents, and their interaction with tactile afferents, in the perception of local skin wetness during rest and exercise in thermo-neutral and warm environments. Six cold-dry stimuli, characterised by decreasing temperatures [i.e. -4, -8 and -15°C below the local skin temperature (Tsk)] and by different mechanical pressures [i.e. low pressure (LP): 7 kPa; high pressure (HP): 10 kPa], were applied on the back of 8 female participants (age 21 ± 1 years), while they were resting or cycling in 22 or 33°C ambient temperature. Mean and local Tsk, thermal and wetness perceptions were recorded during the tests. Cold-dry stimuli produced drops in Tsk with cooling rates in a range of 0.06 to 0.4°C/s. Colder stimuli resulted in increasing 4 coldness and in stimuli being significantly more often perceived as wet, particularly when producing skin cooling rates of 0.18°C/s and 0.35°C/s. However, when stimuli were applied with HP, local wetness perceptions were significantly attenuated.Wetter perceptions were recorded during exercise in the warm environment. We conclude that thermal inputs from peripheral cutaneous afferents are critical in characterizing the perception of local skin wetness. However, the role of these inputs might be modulated by an intra-sensory interaction with the tactile afferents. These findings indicate that human sensory integration is remarkably multimodal.Keywords: Keywords: Keywords: Keywords: skin wetness; thermo-receptors; mechano-receptors; sensory integration; perception 5The perception of skin wetness is a complex somatosensory experience which seems to result from the intra-sensory integration of temperature and mechanical inputs (Ackerley et al. 2012;Bergmann Tiest et al. 2012;Bentley, 1900). Although humidity-receptors have been previously described in some insects (Yokohari and Tateda, 1976), these receptors have not been identified in human skin (Clark and Edholm, 1985). It is currently suggested that as human beings, we "learn" to perceive the wetness experienced when our skin is in contact with a wet surface, when a liquid is touched, or when sweat is produced (Bergmann Tiest et al. 2012) through a complex multisensory integration (Driver and Spence, 2000;Gescheider and Wright, 2012). The physical processes which occur when the skin is in contact with moisture (i.e. heat transfer and mechanical interactions between the skin and the environment) generate thermal and mechanical inputs which could be integrated and combined at different anatomical levels through specific multisensory pathways (Cappe et al. 2009). Hence, it ...

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“…S3b). This is in contrast with the subject F3 and indicates inter-subject variation of the peripheral skin blood flow and associated temperature profile which is well documented in literature [22,37] and can be attributed to subject-to-subject variations in skin thickness, fat-content and peripheral venous resistance among various other interconnected parameters. The variation of DT as a function of time for the stimulated as well as the nonstimulated hand for the subject M8 after withdrawal of the cold stress is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Error Estimation and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 67%

Infrared thermography based studies on the effect of age on localized cold stress induced thermoregulation in human

Lahiri

Bagavathiappan

Nishanthi³

et al. 2016

Infrared Physics & Technology

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Thermal sensation at index finger while applying external pressure at upper arm

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Body mapping of cutaneous wetness perception across the human torso during thermo-neutral and warm environmental exposures

Body mapping of cutaneous wetness perception across the human torso during thermo-neutral and warm environmental exposures

Thermal and tactile interactions in the perception of local skin wetness at rest and during exercise in thermo-neutral and warm environments

Infrared thermography based studies on the effect of age on localized cold stress induced thermoregulation in human

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