Thermal sensitivity of uncoupling protein expression in polar and temperate fish

Mark, Felix Christopher; Lucassen, Magnus; Pörtner, Hans‐Otto

doi:10.1016/j.cbd.2006.08.004

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The large populations of fish found in the nutrient-rich waters of this frozen continent possess unusual adaptations for surviving the rigors of low temperatures. In fact, Antarctic fish have evolved a number of physiological changes, including a low basal metabolic rate [1,2] and a substantial reduction in the hematocrit, which reaches its extreme in the complete loss of both red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin in the Channichthyidae species [3]. Interestingly, organisms living in the oxygen-rich cold water of Antarctica have naturally high tissue oxygen concentrations, as result of their adaptations [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel class of bifunctional acylpeptide hydrolases – potential role in the antioxidant defense systems of the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii

et al. 2013

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Oxidative challenge is an important factor affecting the adaptive strategies of Antarctic fish, but data on antioxidant defenses in these organisms remain scarce. In this context, a key role could be played by acylpeptide hydrolase (APEH), which was recently hypothesized to participate in the degradation of oxidized and cytotoxic proteins, although its physiological function is still not fully clarified. This study represents the first report on piscine members of this enzyme family, specifically from the Antarctic teleost Trematomus bernacchii. The cDNAs corresponding to two apeh genes were isolated, and the respective proteins were functionally and structurally characterized with the aim of understanding the biological significance of these proteases in Antarctic fish. Both APEH isoforms (APEH-1 Tb and APEH-2 Tb ) showed distinct temperature-kinetic behavior, with significant differences in the K m values. Moreover, beside the typical acylpeptide hydrolase activity, APEH-2 Tb showed remarkable oxidized protein endohydrolase activity towards oxidized BSA, suggesting that this isoform could play a homeostatic role in removing oxidatively damaged proteins, sustaining the antioxidant defense systems. The 3D structures of both APEHs were predicted, and a possible relationship was found between the substrate specificity/affinity and the marked changes in the number of charged residues and hydrophobicity properties surrounding their catalytic sites. Our results demonstrated the occurrence of two APEH isoforms in T. bernacchii, belonging to different phylogenetic clusters, identified for the first time, and showing distinct molecular and temperature-kinetic behaviors. In addition, we suggest that the members of the new cluster 'APEH-2' could participate in reactive oxygen species detoxification as phase 3 antioxidant enzymes, enhancing the protein degradation machinery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel class of bifunctional acylpeptide hydrolases – potential role in the antioxidant defense systems of the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii

et al. 2013

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“…Interestingly, Mark et al (2006b) found the mitochondrial uncoupling protein UCP2 over expressed following 2 months of cold acclimation at 2°C in the North Sea eelpout, as well as following prolonged warm acclimation to 5°C in the polar eelpout. Thus, UCP expression parallels the increased HIF activity found in the present study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of seasonal and latitudinal cold on oxidative stress parameters and activation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1) in zoarcid fish

Heise

Estevez²,

Puntarulo³

et al. 2007

J Comp Physiol B

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Acute, short term cooling of North Sea eelpout Zoarces viviparus is associated with a reduction of tissue redox state and activation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1) in the liver. The present study explores the response of HIF-1 to seasonal cold in Zoarces viviparus, and to latitudinal cold by comparing the eurythermal North Sea fish to stenothermal Antarctic eelpout (Pachycara brachycephalum). Hypoxic signalling (HIF-1 DNA binding activity) was studied in liver of summer and winter North Sea eelpout as well as of Antarctic eelpout at habitat temperature of 0°C and after long-term warming to 5°C. Biochemical parameters like tissue iron content, glutathione redox ratio, and oxidative stress indicators were analyzed to see whether the cellular redox state or reactive oxygen species formation and HIF activation in the fish correlate. HIF-1 DNA binding activity was significantly higher at cold temperature, both in the interspecific comparison, polar vs. temperate species, and when comparing winter and summer North Sea eelpout. Compared at the low acclimation temperatures (0°C for the polar and 6°C for the temperate eelpout) the polar fish showed lower levels of lipid peroxidation although the liver microsomal fraction turned out to be more susceptible to lipid radical formation. The level of radical scavenger, glutathione, was twofold higher in polar than in North Sea eelpout and also oxidised to over 50%. Under both conditions of cold exposure, latitudinal cold in the Antarctic and seasonal cold in the North Sea eelpout, the glutathione redox ratio was more oxidised when compared to the warmer condition. However, oxidative damage parameters (protein carbonyls and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were elevated only during seasonal cold exposure in Z. viviparus. Obviously, Antarctic eelpout are keeping oxidative defence mechanisms high enough to avoid accumulation of oxidative damage products at low habitat temperature. The paper discusses how HIF could be instrumental in cold adaptation in fish.

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“…The PCR reaction containing 1.5·mmol·l -1 MgCl 2 was performed with 32 cycles of 45·s denaturation at 94°C, 2·min annealing at 57±6°C and 1·min elongation at 72°C. Separation, cloning and analyses of PCR fragments was performed as described by Mark et al (Mark et al, 2006).…”

Section: Rna Isolation and Construction Of Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Forward primers for amplification of the 5Ј terminus and backward primers for the 3Ј terminus, corresponding to the adapter sequence, were provided with the kit. Cloning and analysis of positive clones was performed as for RT-PCR fragments (Mark et al, 2006).…”

Section: G Eckerle and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cold induced changes of adenosine levels in common eelpout (Zoarces viviparus): a role in modulating cytochromecoxidase expression

Eckerle

Lucassen

Hirse

et al. 2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYExposure of ectothermic organisms to variations in temperatures causes a transient mismatch between energy supply and demand, which needs to be compensated for during acclimation. Adenosine accumulation from ATP breakdown indicates such an imbalance and its reversal reflects a restoration of energy status. We monitored adenosine levels in blood serum and liver of common eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) during cold exposure in vivo. Furthermore, we tested its effect on the pattern of thermal acclimation in hepatocytes isolated from cold-(4°C) versus warm-(11°C) exposed fish. Adenosine levels increased during cold exposure in vivo and reached a transient maximum after 24·h in serum, but remained permanently elevated in liver. Whole animal cold acclimation induced a rise of liver citrate synthase activity by 44±15%, but left cytochrome c oxidase activity (COX) and RNA expression of the respective genes unchanged. Cold incubation of hepatocytes from warm-acclimated fish failed to cause an increase of mitochondrial enzyme activities despite increased COX4 mRNA levels. Conversely, warm acclimation of hepatocytes from cold-acclimated fish reduced both enzyme activities and COX2 and COX4 mRNA levels by 26-37%. Adenosine treatment of both warm-and cold-acclimated hepatocytes suppressed COX activities but activated COX mRNA expression. These effects were not receptor mediated. The present findings indicate that adenosine has the potential to regulate mitochondrial functioning in vivo, albeit the pathways resulting in the contrasting effects on expression and activity need to be identified.

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Thermal sensitivity of uncoupling protein expression in polar and temperate fish

Cited by 38 publications

References 51 publications

A novel class of bifunctional acylpeptide hydrolases – potential role in the antioxidant defense systems of the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii

A novel class of bifunctional acylpeptide hydrolases – potential role in the antioxidant defense systems of the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii

Effects of seasonal and latitudinal cold on oxidative stress parameters and activation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1) in zoarcid fish

Cold induced changes of adenosine levels in common eelpout (Zoarces viviparus): a role in modulating cytochromecoxidase expression

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