Thermal Stability and Flammability of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber-Based (SBR) Ceramifiable Composites

Abstract

Ceramifiable styrene-butadiene (SBR)-based composites containing low-softening-point-temperature glassy frit promoting ceramification, precipitated silica, one of four thermally stable refractory fillers (halloysite, calcined kaolin, mica or wollastonite) and a sulfur-based curing system were prepared. Kinetics of vulcanization and basic mechanical properties were analyzed and added as Supplementary Materials. Combustibility of the composites was measured by means of cone calorimetry. Their thermal properties were analyzed by means of thermogravimetry and specific heat capacity determination. Activation energy of thermal decomposition was calculated using the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method. Finally, compression strength of the composites after ceramification was measured and their micromorphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The addition of a ceramification-facilitating system resulted in the lowering of combustibility and significant improvement of the thermal stability of the composites. Moreover, the compression strength of the mineral structure formed after ceramification is considerably high. The most promising refractory fillers for SBR-based ceramifiable composites are mica and halloysite.

Tribological Characteristic of a Ring Seal with Graphite Filler

“…They also enable the change of properties such as the friction coefficient and specific wear rate in the case of materials used as the elements, which need to perform relative movement. Various kinds of rubber such as isobutylene-co-isoprene (IIR), polychloroprene (CR) [23], silicone rubber (SR) [24][25][26][27], ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) [28,29], petroleum resin, and nitrile rubber (NBR) [30][31][32] are used as a matrix material. In the literature, one can come across broadly discussed research results on the application of carbon-based materials as filler [33][34][35][36].Scientists are also interested in the methods of material optimization, including reinforcement application.…”

Study of flame‐retarded silicone rubber with ceramifiable property

“…The study of ceramized rubber began in the 1960s. In 1964, Anyszka et al proposed the concept of ceramic compound precursor conversion ceramics, but it did not attract the attention of the material industry at that time. Until in 1978, Yajima et al prepared high‐strength SiC fibers from polysiloxane precursors and industrialized them in 1983.…”

Synergistic Effect of Mica, Glass Frit, and Melamine Cyanurate for Improving Fire Resistance of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Composites Destined for Ceramizable Coatings

“…However, the use of silicone rubber alone is still very prospective [34,35]. In our previous work we proved that the application of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) as a polymer matrix for ceramizable composites is also very promising [36]. Based on the available literature [37][38][39], one can state that thermal stability of SBR is comparable to that of silicone rubber [40,41].…”

“…Moreover, in the presence of oxygen, SBR degrades with two-stage kinetics [38], first occurring in the temperature range of 390-520 • C and subsequently between 620 and 720 • C. The first stage most probably corresponds to the thermal degradation of linear rubber macromolecules and the simultaneous cross-linking (maybe even carbonization) leading to the formation of a thermally stable residue that decomposes thermooxidatively in the second stage. The highly cross-linked structure formed during thermal degradation plays most likely a significant role in maintaining a coherent, self-supporting structure of the ceramizable composites in the temperature range where the elastic SBR matrix is gone but the new ceramic structure is not fully formed yet [36]. For this reason, SBR rubbers emerge as very prospective matrix materials for ceramizable composites.In the current work we test the effect of the melamine cyanurate (MCA) addition on the properties of SBR-based ceramizable composites.…”