Thermal stability of foot-and-mouth disease virus

Doel, T. R.; Baccarini, Paola

doi:10.1007/bf01320790

Cited by 95 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Comparison of the kinetics of the FMDV-specific antibody response of experiment 1 and 2 animals over time did not reveal any statistically significant differences between the depleted groups and the control MAb-treated groups. Specific IgM was detected from 4 days postinfection, and specific IgG1 and IgG2 were detected from 5 days postinfection, consistent with reports by other investigators (14,21,58). Our results show that in vivo, in a natural ruminant host, FMDV infection can induce not only a specific and rapid IgM response but also efficient and rapid isotype class switching in the absence of CD4 ϩ T cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4⁺T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle

Juleff

Windsor

Lefèvre

et al. 2009

J Virol

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The role of T-lymphocyte subsets in recovery from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection in calves was investigated by administering subset-specific monoclonal antibodies. The depletion of circulating CD4؉ or WC1 ؉ ␥␦ T cells was achieved for a period extending from before challenge to after resolution of viremia and peak clinical signs, whereas CD8؉ cell depletion was only partial. The depletion of CD4 ؉ cells was also confirmed by analysis of lymph node biopsy specimens 5 days postchallenge. Depletion with anti-WC1 and anti-CD8 antibodies had no effect on the kinetics of infection, clinical signs, and immune responses following FMDV infection. Three of the four CD4 ؉ T-cell-depleted calves failed to generate an antibody response to the nonstructural polyprotein 3ABC but generated a neutralizing antibody response similar to that in the controls, including rapid isotype switching to immunoglobulin G antibody. We conclude that antibody responses to sites on the surface of the virus capsid are T cell independent, whereas those directed against the nonstructural proteins are T cell dependent. CD4 depletion was found to substantially inhibit antibody responses to the G-H peptide loop VP1 135-156 on the viral capsid, indicating that responses to this particular site, which has a more mobile structure than other neutralizing sites on the virus capsid, are T cell dependent. The depletion of CD4 ؉

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4⁺T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle

Juleff

Windsor

Lefèvre

et al. 2009

J Virol

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“…Virion stability is of importance during the vaccine manufacturing process as the maintenance of intact 146S particles is relevant to the amount of immunogenicity induced by antigens and to vaccine efficacy (Doel & Baccarini, 1981;Doel, 2003). In the present study, a comparable decrease in infectivity was observed for the respective viruses at room temperature and above.…”

Section: Custom-engineered Chimeric Vaccine For Fmdsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Antigen yield is determined by the biophysical properties of FMDV Biophysical stability of the infectious virus or antigen has been correlated with the protective nature of FMD vaccines (Doel & Baccarini, 1981). With this in mind, vKNP/SAT2 and KNP/196/91 were compared in terms of their biophysical properties following treatment at different temperatures, pH values and salt concentrations (Fig.…”

Section: Parental Viral Properties Are Retained In the Recovered Vknpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Custom-engineered chimeric foot-and-mouth disease vaccine elicits protective immune responses in pigs

Blignaut

Visser²,

Theron

et al. 2010

Journal of General Virology

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Chimeric foot-and-mouth disease viruses (FMDV) of which the antigenic properties can be readily manipulated is a potentially powerful approach in the control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in sub-Saharan Africa. FMD vaccine application is complicated by the extensive variability of the South African Territories (SAT) type viruses, which exist as distinct genetic and antigenic variants in different geographical regions. A cross-serotype chimeric virus, vKNP/SAT2, was engineered by replacing the external capsid-encoding region (1B-1D/2A) of an infectious cDNA clone of the SAT2 vaccine strain, ZIM/7/83, with that of SAT1 virus KNP/196/91. The vKNP/SAT2 virus exhibited comparable infection kinetics, virion stability and antigenic profiles to the KNP/196/91 parental virus, thus indicating that the functions provided by the capsid can be readily exchanged between serotypes. As these qualities are necessary for vaccine manufacturing, high titres of stable chimeric virus were obtained. Chemically inactivated vaccines, formulated as double-oil-in-water emulsions, were produced from intact 146S virion particles of both the chimeric and parental viruses. Inoculation of guinea pigs with the respective vaccines induced similar antibody responses. In order to show compliance with commercial vaccine requirements, the vaccines were evaluated in a full potency test. Pigs vaccinated with the chimeric vaccine produced neutralizing antibodies and showed protection against homologous FMDV challenge, albeit not to the same extent as for the vaccine prepared from the parental virus. These results provide support that chimeric vaccines containing the external capsid of field isolates can be successfully produced and that they induce protective immune responses in FMD host species.

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“…The antigens were checked by standard VP1 sequencing (25). The 146S antigen concentration was determined by quantitative sucrose density gradient analysis, as previously described (26,27). A known 146S FMDV antigen reference standard was tested with each run.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Test Methodologies for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype A Vaccine Matching

Tekleghiorghis¹,

Weerdmeester²,

Hemert-Kluitenberg³

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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Vaccination has been one of the most important interventions in disease prevention and control. The impact of vaccination largely depends on the quality and suitability of the chosen vaccine. To determine the suitability of a vaccine strain, antigenic matching is usually studied by in vitro analysis. In this study, we performed three in vitro test methods to determine which one gives the lowest variability and the highest discriminatory capacity. Binary ethylenimine inactivated vaccines, prepared from 10 different foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus serotype A strains, were used to vaccinate cattle (5 animals for each strain). The antibody titers in blood serum samples 3 weeks postvaccination (w.p.v.) were determined by a virus neutralization test, neutralization index test, and liquid-phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The titers were then used to calculate relationship coefficient (r 1 ) values. These r 1 values were compared to the genetic lineage using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. In the two neutralization test methods, the median titers observed against the test strains differed considerably, and the sera of the vaccinated animals did not always show the highest titers against their respective homologous virus strains. When the titers were corrected for test strain effect (scaling), the variability (standard error of the mean per vaccinated group) increased because the results were on a different scale, but the discriminatory capacity improved. An ROC analysis of the r 1 value calculated on both observed and scaled titers showed that only r 1 values of the liquid-phase blocking ELISA gave a consistent statistically significant result. Under the conditions of the present study, the liquid-phase blocking ELISA showed less variation and still had a higher discriminatory capacity than the other tests.

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Thermal stability of foot-and-mouth disease virus

Cited by 95 publications

References 15 publications

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4⁺T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4⁺T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle

Custom-engineered chimeric foot-and-mouth disease vaccine elicits protective immune responses in pigs

Comparison of Test Methodologies for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype A Vaccine Matching

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Thermal stability of foot-and-mouth disease virus

Cited by 95 publications

References 15 publications

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4+T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4+T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle

Custom-engineered chimeric foot-and-mouth disease vaccine elicits protective immune responses in pigs

Comparison of Test Methodologies for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype A Vaccine Matching

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Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4⁺T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4⁺T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle