Thermal Stability of Nanocrystalline Structure In X37CrMoV5-l Steel

Skołek, E.; Marciniak, S.; Świątnicki, W.

doi:10.1515/amm-2015-0082

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Steel is similar in chemical composition when compared to the previous one, except that the main chromium alloying element is less than half that of the previous steel. This tool steel is designed for very stressed tools such as dies, hot cutting tools, and knives [21]. Lower carbon content in steel reduces wear resistance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry Sliding Friction of Tool Steels and Their Comparison of Wear in Contact with ZrO2 and X46Cr13

et al. 2020

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Tool steels are used in stamping, shearing processes, and as cutting tools due to their good mechanical properties. During their working cycle, steels are subject to aggressive conditions such as heat stress, fatigue, and wear. In this paper, three tool steels, namely X153CrMoV12, X37CrMoV5-1, and X45NiCrMo4 were selected against two types of bearing balls, ZrO2 and X46Cr1. All measurements were performed on a UMT TriboLab universal tribometric instrument under dry conditions. The main objective of the experiment was to analyze and compare tool steel wear in contact with two kinds of bearing balls with a diameter of 4.76 mm. This evaluation is focused on the hardness, surface roughness, and microstructure of all samples and on the impact of the input parameters on the resulting wear. All three types of tool steels were measured in the basic annealed state and, subsequently, in the state after hardening and tempering. Experimental results show that tool steels, belonging to high strength steels, can successfully represent wear resistant steels. The content of carbide elements, their size, and shape in the microstructure play an important role in the friction process and subsequent wear. Three types of loads were used and compared in the experiments 30, 60, and 90 N. Increasing the load results in significant degradation of the material on the sample surface. Lastly, the impact of hardness and roughness of materials on wear has also been proven. If abrasive wear occurs in the friction process, there is a greater degree of wear than that of adhesive wear. This is due to less abrasive particles, which behave like a cutting wedge and are subject to subsequent deformation strengthening due to the load increase, which adversely affects the further friction process. Analysis of the results showed that the ZrO2 ceramic ball showed significantly better wear values when compared to the X46Cr13 stainless steel ball. It also improves the values of the coefficient of friction with respect to the type of wear that occurs when the experimental materials and counterparts are in contact.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry Sliding Friction of Tool Steels and Their Comparison of Wear in Contact with ZrO2 and X46Cr13

et al. 2020

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“…Details of the austempering heat treatment that allowed obtaining a nanobainitic microstructure, the microstructure itself and mechanical properties of X37CrMoV5-1 nanobainitic steel are described elsewhere. [5,24,25] Two variants of low-temperature glow discharge carbon coating production were carried out. The first was a single low-temperature carbon coating production in glow discharge conditions at 400°C for 20 minutes in a mixture of CH 4 and N 2 (GDCC).…”

Section: Materials and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4] However, recent studies have shown that in some commercial steel grades, e.g., X37CrMoV5-1 hot working tool steel, a nanobainitic microstructure, which improves the mechanical properties of this steel, can also be produced. [5] Unfortunately, the reduced carbon content in this steel affects the stability of residual austenite. Unstable austenite can undergo martensitic transformation during final cooling after heat treatment or under stress, which increases the hardness of the material and reduces its resilience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When selecting the appropriate method of coating deposition on a nanocrystalline substrate, it should be remembered that the nanocrystalline structure, similar to martensite, is thermodynamically metastable; thus, the processing temperature should not exceed the temperature of thermal stability of the nanobainitic microstructure, which is relatively low. [5] limitation, only low-temperature techniques, e.g., glow discharge processes, PACVD or PAPVD, are useful to modify the surface. Processes of low-temperature deposition of carbon coatings, e.g., DLC coatings, meet the temperature criterion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Microstructure and Properties of Carbon Thin Films on Nanobainitic Steel

Skołek

Meredyk

Tarnowski

et al. 2021

Metall Mater Trans A

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The aim of this study was to assess whether it is possible to produce a high adhesive carbon coating by applying low-temperature RFCVD and glow discharge methods on nanobainitic X37CrMoV5-1 steel with and without nitrided sublayer. For this purpose, several methods of investigation were used: observations of coating morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), analysis of bonds found in coatings (Raman spectroscopy), microhardness tests and adhesion of coatings (Scratch tests). Our research has shown that low-temperature RFCVD and glow discharge processes of nanobainitic X37CrMoV5-1 steel allow producing carbon coatings that can be described as hardened carbon coatings with very high hardness—> 2000 HV 0.25 in case of RFCVD processes and > 3300 HV 0.025 for glow discharge process and low friction coefficient—near 0.12 at 5 N load. However, the adhesion of produced coatings to the steel substrate strongly depends on the appropriate selection of the process parameters and on the proper preparation of the substrate before the deposition regarding the thermal stability of nanobainite.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The structure consists mostly of alternating thin plates of bainitic ferrite, a b , and retained austenite, c r , with a small fraction of retained austenite blocks forming the residue of the sample. The austenite films and bainite plates are typically below 50 nm in width, providing a potent strengthening mechanism without compromising toughness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally Stable Nanocrystalline Steel

Hulme-Smith

Ooi

Bhadeshia

2017

Metall Mater Trans A

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Two novel nanocrystalline steels were designed to withstand elevated temperatures without catastrophic microstructural changes. In the most successful alloy, a large quantity of nickel was added to stabilize austenite and allow a reduction in the carbon content. A 50 kg cast of the novel alloy was produced and used to verify the formation of nanocrystalline bainite. Synchrotron X-ray diffractometry using in situ heating showed that austenite was able to survive more than 1 hour at 773 K (500°C) and subsequent cooling to ambient temperature. This is the first reported nanocrystalline steel with high-temperature capability.

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Thermal Stability of Nanocrystalline Structure In X37CrMoV5-l Steel

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Dry Sliding Friction of Tool Steels and Their Comparison of Wear in Contact with ZrO2 and X46Cr13

Dry Sliding Friction of Tool Steels and Their Comparison of Wear in Contact with ZrO2 and X46Cr13

The Microstructure and Properties of Carbon Thin Films on Nanobainitic Steel

Thermally Stable Nanocrystalline Steel

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