Thermal Stabilization of Acrylic Precursors for the Production of Carbon Fibers: An Overview

Well‐Defined Carbon Nanoparticles Prepared from Water‐Soluble Shell Cross‐linked Micelles that Contain Polyacrylonitrile Cores

“…These observations are consistent with reported data on PAN pyrolysis, according to which, heating in air at 230 8C (thermal stabilization stage) leads predominantly to cyclization, whereas subsequent pyrolysis under an inert atmosphere is dominated by progressive dehydrogenation and denitrogenation of PAN. [16] The observed red shift of C = C and C = N absorptions upon increase of pyrolysis temperature is consistent with an increase in conjugation.…”

“…The prerequisite for this approach is the ability of the PAN domains to retain their nanostructure upon thermal treatment. The necessary stabilization is achieved through thermal treatment (heating in the presence of air to 230 8C), a process well-known in the field of carbon fibers, [16] which causes the PAN precursor to form cyclic, ladder, and eventually crosslinked species. Nanostructured carbon materials derived through this novel route hold considerable promise in many areas such as: field emitters, supercapacitors, and photovoltaic cells.…”

Property changes of powdery polyacrylonitrile synthesized by aqueous suspension polymerization during heat-treatment process under air atmosphere

“…Acidic comonomers such as acrylic acid (AA), methacrylic acid (MAA) and itaconic acid (IA) are usually copolymerized with acrylonitrile (AN) to synthesize polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymers, which can provide supplemental dye sites, modify the fiber morphology, increase the hydrophilicity and facilitate the cyclization of nitrile groups during thermo-oxidative stabilization of acrylic fibers prior to carbonization [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Oxidative stabilization of PAN/VGCF composite

“…Accordingly, a large number of excellent reviews for oxidative stabilization have been reported. [5][6][7][8][9] The stabilization process involves heat treatment at lower temperatures (200 -300°C) under tension in an oxidative atmosphere, usually air, and produces changes in the chemical structure of the precursor so that it becomes thermally stable to the subsequent high-temperature treatment.…”