Thermal stabilization system for the RED-100 liquid-xenon emission detector

Abstract

The thermal stabilization system for the RED-100 liquid-xenon two-phase emission detector has been designed and tested. The RED-100 detector is developed by the Russian Emission Detectors (RED) collaboration for the experiment aimed at detecting the effect of coherent neutrino scattering from xenon nuclei. The system is based on thermosyphons (closed two-phase tubular heat pipes) that are filled with nitrogen and use free-boiling liquid nitrogen pool as a cooling machine. The system is capable of condensing 180-kg liquid xenon sample for 24 h and maintaining the temperature of a titanium cryostat in the range of 160-190 K with a precision about 0.1 K.

A Passive Shield for the RED-100 Neutrino Detector

“…The copper shield is assembled from bars with dimensions of 0.05 × 0.05 × 0.85 m, which are connected by steel pins. The outer dimensions of the copper shield are 0.9 × 0.9 × 1.6 m. The system for detector cooling and thermal stabilization is based on thermosiphon 1 (for detailed description, see [21]) and is placed outside the water shield. The thermosyphon cooling pipes pass inside a bellows metal hose that is connected to the central flange of the detector on the top cover of the detector cryostat.…”

First ground-level laboratory test of the two-phase xenon emission detector RED-100

“…One can find description of several setup elements in our previous publications [22], [23], [24], [25]. Here we give a description of the elements that were omitted earlier or given in insufficient details, as well as a description of the improvement of them.…”

“…The RED-100 experimental setup (figure 1) includes the following units and systems: the RED-100 detector unit (4); the interface unit (5); the gas storage (7, 8) and purification system (6); the cryogenic system: thermosyphon (2) and its control unit (9); the data acquisition system (10). One can find description of several setup elements in our previous publications [22][23][24][25]. Here we give a description of the elements that were omitted earlier or given in insufficient details, as well as a description of the improvement of them.…”

“…In order to cooldown and maintain the cold vessel of the RED-100 detector at the liquid xenon temperature, a cryogenic system based on a thermosyphon (gravity assisted heat pipe) technology was built [22,23]. This technology has several advantages in comparison with other well-known thermostabilization systems: the reduced number of radioactive elements near the detector active volume, the significantly low level of mechanical vibrations, the low refrigerant consumption and the ability to work without electric power.…”