Thermal state and composition of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Daldyn kimberlite field, Yakutia

Griffin, William L.; Kaminsky, Felix V.; Ryan, C.G.; O’Reilly, Suzanne Y.; Win, Tin Tin; Ilupin, I. P.

doi:10.1016/0040-1951(96)00008-x

Cited by 80 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This pattern probably reflects the addition of Fe-rich material through increasing degrees of melt-related metasomatism with depth. Studies of high-temperature sheared peridotite xenoliths in kimberlites have shown that their fertile, iron-rich compositions reflect infiltration by asthenosphere-derived melts shortly before eruption (Smith & Boyd 1987;Griffin et al 1989Griffin et al , 1996. This mechanism, operating over extended periods, may result in the observed trend toward more Fe-rich compositions with depth within these lithospheric sections.…”

Section: Composition Of Lithosphere Domainscontrasting

confidence: 62%

Lithosphere structure and evolution in southeastern Australia

Gaul¹,

O’Reilly²,

Griffin³

2003

Evolution and Dynamics of the Australian Plate

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Geochemical tomography sections based on mantle-derived pyrope garnet xenocrysts have been constructed for different tectonic domains along a southern transect crossing the Tasman Line. At the regional scale, these sections reveal thicker lithosphere and lower geothermal gradients with increasing tectonothermal age of the lithosphere domains. In a transect from the easternmost locality (Jugiong) in Phanerozoic eastern Australia to the Eyre Peninsula (Gawler Craton) in Proterozoic South Australia, the palaeogeotherm decreases from greater than 50 mW/m 2 at Jugiong to around 40 mW/m 2 In South Australia and the depth to the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary changes from -100 to 180 km. Geochemical tomography sections for the Gawler Craton region sampled in the Permian and the Jurassic, indicate lithosphere thinning by about 10-15 km, attributed to the effect of Pangean rifting. These physical changes are paralleled by higher MgO and lower CaO and AI 2 O 3 contents in progressively older lithospheric mantle, consistent with the global secular variation in mantle composition previously documented. Olivine is the most abundant mantle mineral in all sections and the Fe/Mg ratio of olivine is important in controlling the physical properties of lithospheric regions (density, Vp, Vs). Because olivine is rarely preserved, an inversion of the garnet-olivine Fe-Mg-exchange geothermometer has been used to calculate the Fe/Mg of olivine coexisting with each garnet grain. Application of this inversion to the southern Australian transect shows high Mg# (Mg/(Mg+Fe)) for olivine in the shallow parts of the Proterozoic western sections and more Fe-rich olivine in the Phanerozoic eastern sections. There also is an overall trend to lower Mg# with increasing depth in each section, which may reflect infiltration by asthenospherlc melts near the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. Olivine density varies inversely with Mg#, and the Proterozoic lithosphere in this traverse therefore is more buoyant, relative to the asthenosphere, than the Phanerozoic sections despite the lower geotherm beneath the craton. Vp and Vs vary directly with Mg# (the higher the Mg#, the higher the Vp and Vs) and thus these compositional differences are important in the interpretation of seismic tomography.

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Section: Composition Of Lithosphere Domainscontrasting

confidence: 62%

Lithosphere structure and evolution in southeastern Australia

Gaul¹,

O’Reilly²,

Griffin³

2003

Evolution and Dynamics of the Australian Plate

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“…The large grain size and composition of most grains suggests that they are derived from the megacrystalline peridotites mentioned above, and thus probably are derived from the 150–180 km depth range. The compositions of all grains fall within the range known from xenoliths in this pipe [ Griffin et al , 1996; Boyd et al , 1997; Pokhilenko et al , 1999; Gaul et al , 2000] and they therefore are interpreted as fragments of disaggregated peridotites.…”

Section: Geological Background Samplessupporting

confidence: 61%

“…(a) Location map showing the position of the Udachnaya kimberlite (red star), the source of the samples analyzed in this paper, relative to major terranes in the Siberian craton. (b) Distribution of rock types with depth beneath Udachnaya, constructed from data on xenoliths and garnet xenocrysts [after Griffin et al , 1996]. (c) Mean composition of olivine versus depth beneath Udachnaya [after Gaul et al , 2000].…”

Section: Geological Background Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ Re‐Os analysis of sulfide inclusions in kimberlitic olivine: New constraints on depletion events in the Siberian lithospheric mantle

Griffin

Spetsius

Pearson

et al. 2002

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

118

124

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Os and other highly siderophile elements in mantle‐derived peridotites are strongly concentrated into trace amounts of sulfide minerals. We have used a laser‐ablation microprobe coupled to a multicollector ICPMS (LAM‐MC‐ICPMS) to determine the Os isotope composition, Re/Os and Pt/Os of 92 sulfide inclusions in olivine macrocrysts, derived from mantle peridotites, from the Udachnaya kimberlite in the Siberian craton. 26 of these have also been analyzed for Platinum Group Elements and other trace elements by LAM‐ICPMS. The sulfides are mixtures of Ni‐rich and Fe‐rich monosulfide solid solutions (MSS), pentlandite and chalcopyrite, exsolved from MSS bulk compositions. They can be divided into five populations (1, 2, 3A–3C) on the basis of Os content, Os/Pt and Re/Os. The genetic relationships of these groups can be constrained by comparison with published experimental data on element partitioning between MSS and sulfide melts. Group 1 sulfides can be modeled as the MSS residual after low degrees of melting of a primitive mantle source, under sulfur‐saturated conditions. Group 2 sulfides are best modeled as mixtures of MSS and alloy phases, formed at low degrees of melting under sulfur‐undersaturated conditions; many contain Pt‐rich micronuggets. Group 3C sulfides can be modeled as sulfide liquids, or as MSS crystallized from very evolved sulfide liquids. Sulfides of Groups 3A and 3B are interpreted as the products of reaction between MSS of Groups 1 and 2, and liquids of Group 3C. Inclusions of different groups may occur within single olivine grains, suggesting repeated introduction of sulfide melts, followed by annealing and grain growth. Sulfides of Groups 1 and 2, and some 3A sulfides, give Os model ages (TMA) that are geologically reasonable (0–4 Ga). Most Group 3 sulfides contain unsupported 187Os, implying a two‐stage history. A negative correlation between TMA and Re/Os is consistent with mixing between residual MSS of Groups 1 and 2, and liquids (3C) derived from a source with a high Re/Os, such as the ca 3.0 Ga eclogites described from Udachnnaya [Pearson et al., 1995c]. Our modeling suggests that sulfides with 187Re/188Os < 0.07 are unlikely to have been disturbed. Fifty‐two grains satisfy this criterion; 45 of these give TMA ages between 2.5 and 3.6 Ga, and 35 are >2.8 Ga. The data suggest that most of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Daldyn kimberlite field formed during the period 3–3.5 Ga, and that lithosphere formation culminated in a major event at ca 2.9 Ga, which may have involved remelting of older eclogites. There is little evidence in the Re‐Os data for significant additions to the lithosphere after this time. In situ Re‐Os analysis of single sulfide inclusions removes some of the ambiguity involved in the analysis of whole rock peridotite samples (or even separated olivine grains), where several generations of sulfides may be present. In situ analysis, combined with careful petrographic and chemical study of the sulfide populations, thus can provide more precise temporal constraints on the e...

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“…To the west, a collage of old and young terranes underlies the West Siberian Basin, and the Urals Fold Belt runs between this collage and the Archean basement of the East European Platform (shown only in the NE corner of the figure). Within this region, the geotherm and mantle composition are constrained by xenolith data from Paleozoic to Mesozoic kimberlites scattered across the Archean and Proterozoic parts of the Siberian Craton [ Griffin et al , 1996, 2006] and from basaltic localities around the southern margin of the Craton [ Griffin et al , 1999b]. The central Archean block has been affected by Proterozoic shearing and minor magmatism, Devonian rifting, and the intrusion of the Siberian Traps; the Aldan Shield has escaped significant modification [ Zonenshain et al , 1990; Griffin et al , 1999b] (Figure 10a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and compositional structure of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle: Derivation from shear wave seismic tomography

Deen¹,

Griffin²,

Begg³

et al. 2006

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Seismic tomography can provide unique information on the structure of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM), but seismic velocity reflects both temperature and composition. We present a methodology for evaluating and isolating the relative contributions of these effects, which produces maps of regional geotherm and broad compositional constraints on the SCLM from the inversion of shear wave (Vs) seismic tomography. This approach uses model geotherms quantized in steps of 2.5 mW/m 2 and three mantle compositions corresponding to typical Archean, Proterozoic, and Phanerozoic SCLM. Starting from an assumed composition for a volume of SCLM, lithospheric density at surface pressure and temperature is calculated for each geotherm at each point; the optimum geotherm is taken as the one yielding a density closest to the mean value derived from mantle xenoliths (3.31 g/cm 3 ), since density varies with composition. Results requiring densities or geotherms outside the known natural range of these parameters worldwide require the choice of a different mantle composition. This technique, applied iteratively to a 275 km Â 275 km Vs model developed by S. Grand (University of Texas, Austin), results in maps of the geotherm and regional density, which allow interpretation of SCLM composition within broad limits. These results can G 3

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Thermal state and composition of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Daldyn kimberlite field, Yakutia

Cited by 80 publications

References 18 publications

Lithosphere structure and evolution in southeastern Australia

Lithosphere structure and evolution in southeastern Australia

In situ Re‐Os analysis of sulfide inclusions in kimberlitic olivine: New constraints on depletion events in the Siberian lithospheric mantle

Thermal and compositional structure of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle: Derivation from shear wave seismic tomography

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