Thermal, Structural, and Optical Analysis of a Balloon-Based Imaging System

Borden, Michael; Lewis, D. W.; Ochoa, Hared; Jones-Wilson, Laura; Susca, Sara; Porter, Michael; Massey, Richard; Clark, Paul; Netterfield, Barth

doi:10.1088/1538-3873/129/973/035001

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For some large-scale optical instruments, increased fine finite element meshing is usually required [76]. Banyal et al proved that a higher order Zernike polynomial also has a certain influence on the fitting of optical surfaces [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rigid body displacement of the primary mirror was separately input into the optical analysis in IOA; thus, the optical surface deformation that removes the rigid body displacement was fitted. Zernike polynomials select the 34-term polynomials that remove the tip/tilt/piston terms [76]. Based on the 34-term Zernike polynomial, the input of 1D-CNN is 34 terms, and the output is a node sag change.…”

Section: The Potential For Ann Use In Ioamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Zernike Coefficient-Solving Algorithms (CSAs) Used for Integrated Optomechanical Analysis (IOA)

Pan

Zhang

et al. 2023

Photonics

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An integrated optomechanical analysis (IOA) can predict the response of an optomechanical system to temperature, gravity, vibrations, and other local loadings; thus, the normal operation of instruments under special conditions is guaranteed. Zernike polynomials are the most popular for fitting the IOA-derived mechanical deformation data. By solving the Zernike coefficients of all deformed optical surfaces, the relationship between aberrations and deformations can be further revealed. The process of IOA is summarized in this article. The principles of four primary Zernike coefficient-solving algorithms (CSAs) were expounded, and the corresponding applications are reviewed in detail, including the least squares method, the Gram–Schmidt orthogonalized method, the Householder transformation, and singular value decomposition (SVD). Artificial neural networks (ANNs) trained for solving a similar overdetermined set of equations are also discussed; an innovative Zernike CSA based on a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) was proposed, emphasizing its potential for Zernike CSA. The feasibility of the neural network method was verified by conducting experiments on the primary mirror of the front reflection system of a space camera. This review can provide references for the precise optimization of IOA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Potential For Ann Use In Ioamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Zernike Coefficient-Solving Algorithms (CSAs) Used for Integrated Optomechanical Analysis (IOA)

Pan

Zhang

et al. 2023

Photonics

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Section: Interface Programs Zernikementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fitting Interpolation To date, this method has been applied to the design of optical instruments such as space optical instruments and large ground-based telescopes, and it is used to evaluate whether the optical performance of optical systems fulfills the requirements under the action of mechanical/thermal environmental loads [15][16][17][18][19][20]. The characteristics of the thermaloptical-mechanical elements in the Subarcsecond Telescope and BaLloon Experiment (STABLE) directly affect the quality of the point-spread function of the guide star on the detector, so a series of thermal, structural, and optical models were built to simulate system performance and ultimately inform the final pointing stability predictions [15]. During the development process of projects such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) [16], Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) [17], Narrow-Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS) [18], 4 m telescope for habitable exoplanet observation mission (HabEx) [19], and Advanced Terrain Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) [20] in the ICESat-2 mission, an optical mechanical thermal integration analysis model was established, and the analysis results were validated for the system design.…”

Section: Interface Programs Zernikementioning

confidence: 99%

Optical–Mechanical Integration Analysis and Validation of LiDAR Integrated Systems with a Small Field of View and High Repetition Frequency

Li,

Xing,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Photonics

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Integrated systems are facing complex and changing environments with the wide application of atmospheric LiDAR in civil, aerospace, and military fields. Traditional analysis methods employ optical software to evaluate the optical performance of integrated systems, and cannot comprehensively consider the influence of optical and mechanical coupling on the optical performance of the integrated system, resulting in the unsatisfactory accuracy of the analysis results. Optical–mechanical integration technology provides a promising solution to this problem. A small-field-of-view LiDAR system with high repetition frequency, low energy, and single-photon detection technology was taken as an example in this study, and the Zernike polynomial fitting algorithm was programmed to enable transmission between optical and mechanical data. Optical–mechanical integration technology was employed to obtain the optical parameters of the integrated system under a gravity load in the process of designing the optical–mechanical structure of the integrated system. The experimental validation results revealed that the optical–mechanical integration analysis of the divergence angle of the transmission unit resulted in an error of 2.586%. The focal length of the telescope increased by 89 μm, its field of view was 244 μrad, and the error of the detector target surface spot was 4.196%. The continuous day/night detection results showed that the system could accurately detect the temporal and spatial variations in clouds and aerosols. The inverted optical depths were experimentally compared with those obtained using a solar photometer. The average optical depth was 0.314, as detected using LiDAR, and 0.329, as detected by the sun photometer, with an average detection error of 4.559%. Therefore, optical–mechanical integration analysis can effectively improve the stability of the structure of highly integrated and complex optical systems.

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“…The Pareto diagram shows that the only architecture capable to fulfill the thermal and stiffness requirements is the number 11.1 corresponding to a hexapod composed by 6 shafts. This architecture is an extrapolation of a trivial hexapod used to sustain large structures like mirrors of telescope or other optical devices ( [6], [7], [8]).…”

Section: Chania Greece 9 -12 October 2018mentioning

confidence: 99%

VNIR and SWIR FPA designs for 3MI instrument: thermal, mechanical and dimensional stability challenges

Chauffleur¹,

Marque²,

Weickman³

et al. 2019

International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2018

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Within the framework of the 3MI instrument for METOP-SG satellite, Sodern develops the Focal Plane Assemblies (FPAs) for the SWIR and VNIR detectors. The main functions of these FPAs are the thermal cooling, the dimensional stability of the detectors and the mechanical withstanding with respects to the thermal and mechanical environments. From a mechanical point of view, the mechanical requirements are identical for the two FPAs with notably stiffness above 500Hz. On the other hand, from a thermal point of view, the temperature environment and thermal control principle between SWIR and VNIR FPAs are different by the use of a heater for SWIR and a TEC for VNIR. At last, the SWIR FPA turns out to be the more challenging case with a high insulation, up to 200K/W, between cold parts (-90°C) and hot interface (25°C) and also a high coupling of 2.7K/W with the cold sink. This paper shows how a single architecture composed of a hexapod structure made of 6 titanium shafts and a thermal strap made of low diameter copper strands permits to achieve the best compromise between thermal and mechanical requirements for both FPAs. In addition to technical aspects, this common architecture also answers to the aim of cost cutting for the different phases of the project: design sharing, grouping of supplies, mutual qualification tests, shared integration tools and processes. Several models have been integrated and tested to verify the performances and the withstanding to thermal and mechanical environments.

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Thermal, Structural, and Optical Analysis of a Balloon-Based Imaging System

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

A Review on Zernike Coefficient-Solving Algorithms (CSAs) Used for Integrated Optomechanical Analysis (IOA)

A Review on Zernike Coefficient-Solving Algorithms (CSAs) Used for Integrated Optomechanical Analysis (IOA)

Optical–Mechanical Integration Analysis and Validation of LiDAR Integrated Systems with a Small Field of View and High Repetition Frequency

VNIR and SWIR FPA designs for 3MI instrument: thermal, mechanical and dimensional stability challenges

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