Thermal structure, rock exhumation, and glacial erosion of the Namche Barwa Peak, constraints from thermochronological data

Tu, Jiyao; Ji, Jianqing; Gong, Jing‐Xu; Zhong, Dingkun; Han, Bao‐Fu

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.03.035

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Major drainage settings in the southern and eastern Tibetan Plateau. Topographic map of southern and eastern Tibetan Plateau, showing AHe and AFT ages(Carrapa et al, 2014(Carrapa et al, , 2017Dai et al, 2013;Ge et al, 2017Ge et al, , 2018Ge et al, , 2020Gourbet et al, 2019;Ingalls et al, 2018;Lee et al, 2000, Lee & Whitehouse, 2007Li et al, 2015Li et al, , 2016Li et al, , 2017Nie et al, 2018;Orme, 2019;Ouimet et al, 2010;Replumaz et al, 2020;Rohrmann et al, 2012;Schmidt et al, 2015;Seward & Burg, 2008;Tremblay et al, 2015;Tu et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2007;Yang et al, 2018;Yu et al, 2011;Yuan et al, 2002Yuan et al, , 2009Zeitler et al, 2014). Locations of measured sections of Siwalik Group are fromLang and Huntington (2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

Two Stages of Accelerated Exhumation in the Middle Reach of the Yarlung River, Southern Tibet Since the Mid‐Miocene

et al. 2021

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Orogenic topography results from the complex processes imposed by climate, tectonics, and their feedbacks mainly through river incision (e.g., Champagnac et al., 2012;Whipple, 2004). In this context, fluvial topography and exhumation rate histories can provide an archive of climatic (e.g., Bender et al., 2020) and tectonic (e.g., Schildgen et al., 2007) changes with time. As fluvial topography evolves over geological time, the control it exerts on erosion would also change with time (e.g., Champagnac et al., 2012), but how the control changes through time remains ambiguous. The Tibetan Plateau is the highest plateau on Earth and is characterized by high topographic relief at its margins (Montgomery & Brandon, 2002;Yin, 2006) formed through river incision (Figure 1) and these rivers are expected to be very sensitive to climate and tectonic changes (e.g., Nie et al., 2018). There are several large river drainages including the Yangtze, Mekong, Salween, and Yarlung across the southern and southeastern Tibetan Plateau and Himalayas (Figure 1). Their unusual geometries and topographies have been considered to be the result of tectonic deformation and drainage reorganization (e.g., Wang, Scherler, et al., 2014;Zhang et al., 2019), as well as climate change (e.g., Nie et al., 2018). Therefore, rivers in the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas are natural laboratories to investigate the complex links among tectonics, climate, surface process, and drainage reorganization.The west-to-east flowing Yarlung River, located within the Indian-Asian Collision Zone (IACZ, including the Gangdese arc, the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, and the Tethyan Himalaya), is one of the largest rivers that flows from the Tibetan Plateau (Figures 1 and 2). Its source is high in southern Tibet and the Yarlung River cuts through the eastern syntaxis before flowing through Siang River into the Brahmaputra River.

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confidence: 99%

Two Stages of Accelerated Exhumation in the Middle Reach of the Yarlung River, Southern Tibet Since the Mid‐Miocene

et al. 2021

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“…Gneisses above the gorge (elevation of c 4 km) yield an apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He age of 1.5 ± 0.34 Ma (Yang et al 2018). Tu et al (2015) show that apatite fission track ages decrease with elevation up the flank of Namche Barwa peak. From this they conclude that enhanced Quaternary glaciation has driven increased exhumation rates.…”

Section: Thermochronology and Active Exhumationmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Argon geochronology remains in general use, although the challenge remains to discriminate radiogenic argon inherited from basement degassing and thus to extract true cooling ages from micas. However, the overall pattern of apparently young Ar-Ar mica ages are consistent with results from an extensive variety of other thermochronological methods.Following syntheses byStewart et al (2008) andZeitler et al (2014), recent results are collated and expanded byTu et al (2015),…”

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Tectonic evolution of the Himalayan syntaxes: the view from Nanga Parbat

Butler¹

2018

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Current tectonic understanding of the Nanga Parbat Haramosh massif (NPHM) is reviewed, developing new models for the structure and deformation of the Indian continental crust, its thermo-rheological evolution and relationship to surface processes. Comparisons are drawn with the Namche Barwa Gyala Peri massif (NBGPM) that cores an equivalent syntaxis at the NE termination of the Himalayan arc. Both massifs show exceptionally rapid active denudation and riverine down-cutting, identified from very young cooling ages measured from various thermochronometers. They also record relicts of high pressure metamorphic conditions that chart early tectonic burial. Initial exhumation was probably exclusively by tectonic processes but the young, and continuing emergence of these massifs reflects combined tectonic and surface processes. The feedback mechanisms implicit in aneurysm models may have been overemphasised, especially the role of syn-kinematic granites as agents of rheological softening and strain localization. Patterns of distributed ductile deformation exhumed within the NPHM are consistent with models of orogen-wide gravitation flow with the syntaxes forming the lateral edges to the flow beneath the Himalayan arc. Abrupt changes in the map-trend of orogenic belts and their component sutures, thrusts and folds-so-called syntaxes-are common to many parts of the Tethyan collision system. The purpose here is to review the tectonic evolution of the Himalayan syntaxes (Fig. 1). They include crust that is experiencing Article text Click here to download Article text syntaxes_final.docx

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“…White square represents our study area. More additional data are from Burg et al (1998), Ding et al (1995), Seward and Burg (2008), Tu et al (2015), Yu et al (2011), Zhang et al (2015) (see Fig. 1 for references of other thermochronologic ages).…”

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confidence: 99%

Contrasting exhumation histories and relief development within the Three Rivers Region (Southeast Tibet)

Ou¹,

Replumaz²,

Beek³

2020

Preprint

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Abstract. The Three Rivers Region in Southeast Tibet represents a transition between the strongly deformed zone around Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis and the less deformed southeast Tibetan plateau margin in Yunnan and Sichuan. In this study, we compile and model published thermochronologic ages for two massifs facing each other across the Mekong River in the core of the Three Rivers Region, by using the thermo-kinematic code Pecube to constrain their exhumation and relief development history. Modelling results for the low-relief, mean-elevation BaimaXueshan massif, east of the Mekong River, suggest regional rock uplift at a rate of 0.25 km/Myr since ~ 10 Ma, following slow exhumation at a rate of 0.01 km/Myr since at least 22 Ma. River incision accounts for only 15 % of the total exhumation in the BaimaXueshan. Exhumation since ~ 10 Ma is significantly higher (2.5 km) than that estimated (~ 0.23 km) for the most emblematic low-relief or relict surfaces of Eastern Tibet, which are characterized by apatite (U-Th)/He ages older than the collision age (> 50 Ma). We conclude that the BaimaXueshan massif, which shows younger ages (

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Thermal structure, rock exhumation, and glacial erosion of the Namche Barwa Peak, constraints from thermochronological data

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

Two Stages of Accelerated Exhumation in the Middle Reach of the Yarlung River, Southern Tibet Since the Mid‐Miocene

Two Stages of Accelerated Exhumation in the Middle Reach of the Yarlung River, Southern Tibet Since the Mid‐Miocene

Tectonic evolution of the Himalayan syntaxes: the view from Nanga Parbat

Contrasting exhumation histories and relief development within the Three Rivers Region (Southeast Tibet)

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