Thermal treatment of electronic waste in a fluidised bed and chemical digestion of solid products

Woynarowska, Amelia; Żukowski, Witold; Żelazny, Sylwester

doi:10.1177/0734242x16649683

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Comparison between CO and NO x concentration didn't prove the diverse proportionality between concentrations of those two gases, as suggested by Duan's study [26]. Duan used rubber balls during the combustion process.…”

Section: Start 15 S 11 S 482 Smentioning

confidence: 89%

The co-combustion of rubber waste with LPG fuel in a fluidised bed reactor

2018

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This paper presents experimental results relevant to the thermal utilisation of rubber wastes. The investigation employed a laboratory-scale bubbling fluidised bed combustor, (bfbC) running on liquefied petroleum gas with quartz sand as the inert bed material. When rubber samples (tyre fragments) were added, the reactor temperature and flue gas concentrations of CO, vOC, sO 2 , nO x and hCl were monitored. Tests were performed with bed temperatures of 800-1000°C and two different masses of the bed. It has been found that the emitted quantities of nO x and CO were dependent not only on the sample mass but also on the mass (depth) and temperature of the fluidised bed and dropped whilst the bed depth was increased and its temperature was raised.

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Section: Start 15 S 11 S 482 Smentioning

confidence: 89%

The co-combustion of rubber waste with LPG fuel in a fluidised bed reactor

2018

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“…Under the action of high temperature coming from steam, plastic components decompose and, with the gasification agent form syngas, which can be a hydrogen source after separation. This makes the plastic components, which are heavy to process, degrade, and can already be, in the form of a gas, an important element in terms of energy [20,23].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Electronic Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the potential of electro-waste as a source of hydrogen to power low-emission vehicle powertrains

Wesołowski¹,

Hamid²,

Mońka³

et al. 2023

Combustion Engines

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The decarbonisation of transport is one of the key aspects in the context of environmental protection. These emissions are particularly noticeable in highly urbanised areas, where the possibility of dispersal of harmful substances is much lower. A way to improve emission factors is the introduction of hydrogen vehicles. Burning hydrogen in engines significantly reduces emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere compared to the combustion of conventional fuels used today. Hydrogen can be obtained by gasifying waste in a steam atmosphere. Electronic waste is a special type of waste characterised by a high degree of commingling, which makes it difficult to treat. The volume of this type of waste is increasing year on year. As a result of this process, we are able to obtain syngas. This gas, after separation processes, can be a source of hydrogen, an energy carrier that could prove crucial in low-carbon energy or transport applications. This paper presents the results of the gasification of electronic waste, the composition of the syngas obtained in the process and an assessment of the potential of this waste treatment technology to power means of transport.

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“…The air and propane-butane gas are fed to the reactor through a distributor plate. This laboratory fluidized bed reactor was used previously on numerous studies on environmental aspects of waste combustion [40,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49].…”

Section: The Thermal Treatment Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyrolysis has been tested as a thermal process after prior mechanical treatment [39]. On the other hand, combustion seems to be the most advantageous method for recovering valuable metallic raw materials contained in WEEE due to the simple and complete combustion of the organic parts of the PCA [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Temperature Fluidized Bed Processing of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) as a Way to Recover Raw Materials

2021

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This paper explores the effectiveness of metal recovery and values of gaseous emissions during thermal e-waste processing followed by magnetic separation. The thermal process of conversion of this kind of waste is difficult due to the uncertainty of the operation when compared to the processing of homogeneous materials. This is due to their complex and heterogeneous structure. The adoption of the fluidized bed reactor makes the process feasible, stabilizing it significantly and limiting emissions of harmful gases. Mobile cellphones were used as the raw input material of 450 g total mass. During the thermal transformation, the exhaust gases such as: CO, CO2, NOx, SO2, HCI, HBr, HCN, NH3, phenol, hydrocarbons, HF and COCI2 were analysed. The thermal treatment resulted in 333.6 g of solids in the fluidized bed. They were fragmented into grains smaller than 1 mm and 0.5 mm. The process of magnetic enrichment was used next on grains greater than 1 mm and smaller than 0.5 mm. The process was carried out using a neodymium magnet for particles >1 mm and a plate electromagnetic separator (powered by a three-phase current) together with a 1-disc tape-type separator, which was used for particles <1 mm. Such an approach resulted in the recovery of 81.9% of cobalt, 96.6% of iron and 99.2% of neodymium. The most efficient method of magnetic enriching (MS) proved to be the use of the electromagnetic plate separator.

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Thermal treatment of electronic waste in a fluidised bed and chemical digestion of solid products

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

The co-combustion of rubber waste with LPG fuel in a fluidised bed reactor

The co-combustion of rubber waste with LPG fuel in a fluidised bed reactor

Analysis of the potential of electro-waste as a source of hydrogen to power low-emission vehicle powertrains

High-Temperature Fluidized Bed Processing of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) as a Way to Recover Raw Materials

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