Thermal Tuning of Ruby Optical Maser

Laser Physics Conference Held at the Concord Motel, Des Plaines, Illinois, 22-23 March 1965

“…Much of our work involves Co+3 in octahedral oxygen - 2 coordination. We have used as a standard the work .... energy to remove an electron.…”

“…In laser pulse in nere. the electric dipole approximnation, the interaction of the system with ,radiation is It was also interesting becaase pe• pie have tried very 11 It exEo cos (2cdt + q ) (2) hard to take pictures of the lasers.…”

“…involving just one il., .ital now, we can write it symbolically as @ 2 ,d; J, just the classical repulsion of We can do several things as far as the values of these (fd), either use them in a fitting scheme or we just use this carge distribution d 2 with another electron inthem arbitrarily or also we have had some success the same charge distribution; tills integral has a value them a ror so we havehad ome cces in terms of the Ra'cah parameters of A + 4B + 3C. I ta•king these from some molecular orbital calculations of the type I mentioned previously in connect',n w;th will put subscript zeros in here, A0 + 4B 0 + 3C0, inoscillating strengths.…”

“…I think it 2,200 , may be partly acrystal field effect that is going on and this is, if you take a look at the orbital diagrams for It is a little complicatod, but there are known temper-DR. LOHR: I have considered spin orbit effects from ature dependent shifts in this nickel absorption lines doublets to certain quartets, but I think in the case of that are apparently related to the magnetic orderipr, manganese fluoride since 10Dq is less than 10,000 e.g. in potassium nickel fluoride and nickel fluoride, wave numbers, there would be no doublets in this We have put nickel ions in a manganese host and we region.…”

More light on ruby laser’s history

“…2,3 Then Sven Hartmann, Norm Kurnit, and I did the first experiment that observed photon echoes in ruby. 4 In retrospect, Townes made the correct decision to abandon the cesium laser project.…”