Thermally Induced Changes

Schurr, Mark R.; Hayes, Robert G.; Cook, Della Collins

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800451-7.00005-x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Physical and forensic anthropologists have studied heat-induced modifications for decades in both human and non-human bone [1,2,6,19,25,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. One of the most widely accepted system of classification and definitions used by biological anthropologists is summarized in Symes et al [32] who define the seven characteristic types of thermal fractures: longitudinal, transverse, curvilinear, step, patina, splintering/delamination and burn line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cut or burnt? – Categorizing morphological characteristics of heat-induced fractures and sharp force trauma

Tutor¹,

Sánchez²,

Rojas³

et al. 2021

Legal Medicine

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cut or burnt? – Categorizing morphological characteristics of heat-induced fractures and sharp force trauma

Tutor¹,

Sánchez²,

Rojas³

et al. 2021

Legal Medicine

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“…Methods compiled by Adams and Byrd () leaned more toward forensic applications, but chapters on ethics (Egana, Turner, Doretti, Bernardi, & Ginarte, ), osteometric sorting (Byrd, ; Byrd & LeGarde, ), X‐ray fluorescence sorting (Perrone, Finlayson, Bartelink, & Dalton, ), epiphyseal sequencing (Schaefer, ), estimating the most likely number of individuals (MLNI) (Adams & Konigsberg, ; Konigsberg & Adams, ), spatial analysis (Herrmann & Devlin, ; Tuller & Hofmeister, ), and recovery methods (Naji et al, ) were of clear utility for bioarchaeologists in the analysis of broken, mixed remains. Schmidt and Symes’ (2015) volume on burned human bone offered commingling‐related methods for fire‐modified remains such as the Bab adh‐Dhra’ EB II–III collection, discussing bone and tooth color changes (Beach, Passalacqua, & Chapman, ; Devlin & Herrmann, ; Ullinger & Sheridan, ), thermal breakdown of bone (DeHaan, ; Schurr, Hayes, & Cook, ; Thompson, ), enamel changes (Mahoney & Miszkiewicz, ; Sandholzer, ; Schmidt, ), and site‐specific reconstructions (Curtin, ; McKinley, ; Schmidt et al, ; Wahl, ). Haglund and Sorg's older edited volumes (1997, 2002) provided several taphonomic considerations for studies of commingling (Correia, ; Darwent & Lyman, ; Galloway, ; Haglund, Connor, & Scott, ; Lyman & Fox, ; Roksandic, ; Saul and Saul, ; Ubelaker, ).…”

Section: Commingling Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioarchaeology in the ancientNearEast: Challenges and future directions for the southern Levant

Sheridan

2017

American J Phys Anthropol

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The synthesis of biological anthropology, archaeology, and social theory provides a bioarchaeological model to reconstruct nuanced aspects of demography, diet, disease, death, daily activities, and biodistance, even in the absence of discrete burials. Numerous skeletal assemblages in the southern Levant are composed of mixed and fragmented bones resulting from generational use of cemeteries, mass burial, and additional communal burial practices. Others become commingled due to taphonomic processes such as flooding, geological events, or human mediated mechanisms like looting, improper excavation, and poor curation. Such collections require one to ask broader questions of human adaptability, exercise a holistic approach, use broad demographic categories, and remain cognizant of the limitations posed by fragmentation. Expanded research questions and ethical considerations, the use of centralized databases and understudied collections, as well as the application of social media, citizen science, and crowd sourcing provide new tools for bioarchaeological analyses of the many commingled ancient Near Eastern collections in the southern Levant.

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“…Schurr et al (2015) use δ 15 N and δ 13 C, the measures of the ratio of stable isotopes, as quantifying factors in the analysis of burned remains. Exposure to burning raises the δ 15 N values and lowers the δ 13 C values (Schurr et al 2015, p. 112-113).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implications of Thermogenic Modification for Anthropological Recovery of Burned Bone

Efford

2016

TAR

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Burn trauma is prevalent in both archaeological and forensic records. It causes thermogenic modifications that have implications for the discipline of anthropology. Anthropologists and medical professionals are frequently the experts called to address burn trauma cases, often in the role of forensic anthropologists. This project seeks to discuss the processes of burn trauma and the resulting changes, as well as how the professionals in the fields of archaeology, anthropology, and medicine are discussing the recovery and analysis of burned human remains. An experiment is used to demonstrate these changes and compare them to those documented by experts in the field. A literature review discusses the processes of burn trauma and the resulting thermogenic modifications that are seen in the scholarly literature on the topic. The author makes recommendations for future research, namely the inclusion of weight in the recorded factors during experimentation and continued research into the recovery of burned remains. The author argues that the bioarchaeological approach of forensic anthropology benefits from the combined experience of archaeologists, biological anthropologists, and medical experts who have a background in osteology and biomechanics.

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Thermally Induced Changes

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Cut or burnt? – Categorizing morphological characteristics of heat-induced fractures and sharp force trauma

Cut or burnt? – Categorizing morphological characteristics of heat-induced fractures and sharp force trauma

Bioarchaeology in the ancientNearEast: Challenges and future directions for the southern Levant

The Implications of Thermogenic Modification for Anthropological Recovery of Burned Bone

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