Thermally reduced graphene oxide-nylon membrane based epidermal sensor using vacuum filtration for wearable electrophysiological signals and human motion monitoring

Facile Fabrication of Robust and Reusable PDMS Supported Graphene Dry Electrodes for Wearable Electrocardiogram Monitoring

“…The intensity ratio of D and G peak ( I D / I G ) is calculated to be 0.54, indicating better quality than most GO and RGO. [ 13,14,31 ] The intense 2D peak reveals the high crystallinity of LIG and I 2D / I G (1.1) reflects the multilayer feature of LIG. There is no signal in the Raman spectrum of PI (black curve), confirming that typical peaks of graphene come from LIG.…”

“…), [ 1–4 ] conductive polymers, [ 5–8 ] carbon nanotubes, [ 9–11 ] and graphene. [ 12–16 ] Particularly, graphene electrodes, such as CVD‐grown graphene film, [ 16 ] porous graphene, [ 17,18 ] graphene oxides (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (RGO), [ 13,14 ] have attracted wide attentions and been used for ECG acquisition owing to their outstanding conductivity, chemical durability, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. [ 19 ] CVD‐grown graphene holds high‐quality, but requires high‐cost production and patterning techniques.…”

“…[ 19 ] CVD‐grown graphene holds high‐quality, but requires high‐cost production and patterning techniques. Although GO and RGO can be used for the mass production of film or textile electrodes by inkjet printing, [ 20 ] screen printing, [ 15 ] vacuum filtration, [ 13 ] and solution loading, [ 21 ] they also contain lots of oxygen groups, leading to inferior quality as well as limited performance in ECG monitoring. Since Tour's group firstly reported the direct synthesis of porous graphene from polyimide (PI), [ 22 ] CO 2 laser processing technique has drawn extensive attention because of its speediness, cheapness, and conveniency.…”

Flexible Electronics for Monitoring in vivo Electrophysiology and Metabolite Signals

“…However, integrating conventional electrodes into the neural system of living animals is complicated by the differences in the mechanical properties of biological surfaces compared to glass or metal (Ganesana et al, 2019;Ji et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2019;Peng et al, 2019). As a result, the development of electrophysiological electrodes with appropriate mechanical (flexible and soft) properties, biocompatibility, and high electrical/electrochemical performance has become a promising field of research for monitoring and modulating neural interfaces with soft tissues, especially for implantation (Hong and Lieber, 2019;Hossain et al, 2019;Jayant et al, 2019;Das et al, 2020).…”

Graphene-based temperature, humidity, and strain sensor: A review on progress, characterization, and potential applications during Covid-19 pandemic

“…In the design of graphene incorporated sensor, most reported works employ piezoresistive approach for powering up the sensor, as the electrical energy supplied by DC/AC source will be used to provide source for resistance/impedances changes under different stimulants level [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] ]. Provided that the stimulant quantity is known, a series of the generated electrical resistance values would be used for calibration of the sensor prior to the actual data measurement.…”