Thermally stable and transparent F-doped SnO2 (FTO) /Ag/FTO films for transparent thin film heaters used in automobiles

Park, Seo Hyoung; Oh, Yu-Kyung; Lim, Ye-Ju; Shaozheng, Chen; Lee, Sang‐Jin; Kim, Han‐Ki

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.09.215

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The sheet resistance was exclusively governed by the metal filling ratio and was not influenced by the pattern type (metamaterial vs. mesh). Particularly, the samples (Meta I–IV and Mesh III) featuring a metal filling ratio of approximately >65% yielded sheet resistance values of 0.41–0.61 Ω/sq, exhibiting competitive performance compared with transparent heaters operating in the visible regime 15 – 18 , 20 , 23 , 24 , 36 – 44 . In comparison, the sample with a nominal metal-filling ratio of 5 % (Mesh I) exhibited a sheet resistance of >5 Ω/sq.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To enable this comparison, we selected two key metrics: the temperature coefficient, which represents the change in the input voltage corresponding to the resultant temperature change, and the sheet resistance. Noteworthily, all data for comparison were extracted from studies of visibly transparent heaters based on metal nanowires/meshes 16 – 20 , 37 – 39 , conductive oxides 12 and their hybrid films 13 – 15 , 40 – 44 (Supplementary Table 4 ). To the best of our knowledge, our work presents the first report of microwave-transparent heaters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously developed transparent heaters work well in the visible region and are integrated into protective covers for defrosting and defogging. Researchers have explored various materials for high-performance transparent heaters, such as transparent conductive oxides (TCO) 12 , TCO/silver/TCO multilayers 13 – 15 , silver nanowires 16 – 20 and carbon-based nanomaterials 21 , 22 encompassing carbon nanotubes, graphene and microstructured metals 23 , 24 . However, achieving high transmittance and low sheet resistance, the two critical benchmarks of transparent heaters, is challenging owing to the physical correlation between these quantities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave-transparent metallic metamaterials for autonomous driving safety

Lee,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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Maintaining the surface transparency of protective covers using transparent heaters in extreme weather is imperative for enhancing safety in autonomous driving. However, achieving both high transmittance and low sheet resistance, two key performance indicators for transparent heaters, is inherently challenging. Here, inspired by metamaterial design, we report microwave-transparent, low-sheet-resistance heaters for automotive radars. Ultrathin (approximately one ten-thousandth of the wavelength), electrically connected metamaterials on a millimetre-thick dielectric cover provide near-unity transmission at specific frequencies within the W band (75–110 GHz), despite their metal filling ratio exceeding 70 %. These metamaterials yield the desired phase delay to adjust Fabry–Perot resonance at each target frequency. Fabricated microwave-transparent heaters exhibit exceptionally low sheet resistance (0.41 ohm/sq), thereby heating the dielectric cover above 180 °C at a nominal bias of 3 V. Defrosting tests demonstrate their thermal capability to swiftly remove thin ice layers in sub-zero temperatures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave-transparent metallic metamaterials for autonomous driving safety

Lee,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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“…Extensive previous effort has been devoted to only developing the VIS transparent NIR reflectors, as the transparent emission layer can be easily implemented via polymers, like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). With the aid of nanophotonics and metamaterials, VIS transparent NIR reflector can be achieved by (i) dielectric/metal/dielectric (DMD) structures, such as SiO 2 /Ag/SiO 2 , TiO 2 /Ag/TiO 2 , and ZnO/Ag/ZnO, (ii) transparent doped semiconductor-based structures, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) , and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), , and (iii) dielectric multilayer (DM) structures, such as SiO 2 /TiO 2 , Si/SiO 2 , − etc. However, most of these designs still rely on conventional empirical methods and manual parameter tuning optimization, leading to low design efficiency and barely satisfactory performance, particularly the VIS transparency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh Visible-Transparency, Submicrometer, and Polymer-Free Radiative Cooling Meta-Glass Coating for Building Energy Saving

Yu,

Chen

et al. 2024

ACS Photonics

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Glass windows are the most energy-inefficient part of buildings, which triggers the ongoing chasing of energy-efficient transparent radiative cooling (TRC) metamaterials on glasses that simultaneously maintain high visible (VIS) transparency, block near-infrared (NIR) solar radiation, and emit thermal energy through the atmosphere window (AW). However, the stringent multispectral regulation remains challenging since it involves with huge parameter spaces and significant interactions among different bands. Additionally, most TRC metamaterials require a top ∼50 μm polymer for high emissivity in the AW, which will reduce the VIS transparency and suffer from aging issue. Here, we employ the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) method, leveraging its robust material screening and structure optimization capabilities, to design a five-layer submicrometer dielectric multilayer, composed of two stacked materials, as polymer-free TRC metamaterial on glass or meta-glass for short. Utilizing a plain glass substrate with high emission in the AW, our meta-glass demonstrates an ultrahigh angular-independent (<60°) VIS transmissivity against the state-of-the-art, i.e., 86% (92.7% in theory), with ∼48% NIR reflectivity and ∼89% AW emissivity in experiment. In outdoor experiments at ambient temperatures of ∼10 and ∼20 °C, with solar irradiances reaching around 780 and 850 W/m2, our meta-glass achieves a floor temperature reduction of 8.9 and 12.7 °C, respectively, compared to uncoated glass. Furthermore, we achieved customization of meta-glasses with varying transparency levels while maintaining high NIR reflectance by DRL. Our meta-glass exhibits an extraordinary building energy saving potential in most climate zones. This work provides a valuable reference for the advancement of TRC and the design of multispectral metamaterials.

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“…Tin dioxide SnO 2 is an important representative of the group of n-type wide-bandgap (E g = 3.6 eV) semiconductor oxides (SnO 2 , ZnO, In 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , and WO 3 [1]) with a unique combination of high transparency, electrical conductivity, high surface reactivity, and stability in air. Tin dioxide has huge potential and is widely studied and used for applications in different fields [2,3], in particular for the manufacturing of optically passive components in a number of devices [4][5][6], including photodetectors [7][8][9][10][11][12], solar cells [13][14][15][16], conductive ceramics [17][18][19][20][21][22], varistors [23], transparent electrodes [24][25][26][27][28], electrochromic coatings [29][30][31][32][33][34], transistors [35][36][37], components of fuel cells [38] and metal-ion batteries [39], catalysts [40], and chemical sensors [2,[41][42][43]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additives in Nanocrystalline Tin Dioxide: Recent Progress in the Characterization of Materials for Gas Sensor Applications

Filatova,

Rumyantseva

2023

Materials

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Tin dioxide has huge potential and is widely studied and used in different fields, including as a sensitive material in semiconductor gas sensors. The specificity of the chemical activity of tin dioxide in its interaction with the gas phase is achieved via the immobilization of various modifiers on the SnO2 surface. The type of additive, its concentration, and the distribution between the surface and the volume of SnO2 crystallites have a significant effect on semiconductor gas sensor characteristics, namely sensitivity and selectivity. This review discusses the recent approaches to analyzing the composition of SnO2-based nanocomposites (the gross quantitative elemental composition, phase composition, surface composition, electronic state of additives, and mutual distribution of the components) and systematizes experimental data obtained using a set of analytical methods for studying the concentration of additives on the surface and in the volume of SnO2 nanocrystals. The benefits and drawbacks of new approaches to the high-accuracy analysis of SnO2-based nanocomposites by ICP MS and TXRF methods are discussed.

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Thermally stable and transparent F-doped SnO2 (FTO) /Ag/FTO films for transparent thin film heaters used in automobiles

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Microwave-transparent metallic metamaterials for autonomous driving safety

Microwave-transparent metallic metamaterials for autonomous driving safety

Ultrahigh Visible-Transparency, Submicrometer, and Polymer-Free Radiative Cooling Meta-Glass Coating for Building Energy Saving

Additives in Nanocrystalline Tin Dioxide: Recent Progress in the Characterization of Materials for Gas Sensor Applications

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