Thermally Stimulated Depolarized Current (TSDC) Analysis on the Structural Change of Regenerated Cellulose Membranes Caused by the Change in Water Content

Hongo, Tomoko; Koizumi, Toshinori; Yamane, Chihiro; Okajima, Kunihiko

doi:10.1295/polymj.28.1077

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The existence of such sheet like structure might be affirmed by the structure forming mechanism proposed by Takahashi 16 and by the result demonstrated by authors that the structural change induced by water takes place in the perpendicular direction to (ITO) plane. 17 …”

Section: Mechanical Relaxation Nature Of New Cellulose Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Structures and Mechanical Properties of Cellulose Filament Spun from Cellulose/Aqueous NaOH Solution System

Yamane¹,

Mori²,

Saito³

et al. 1996

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:An attempt was made to disclose super-molecular structure and mechanical properties of new cellulose filament prepared from cellulose-aqueous alkali solution system. X-Ray crystallinity index Xc(X) of the new cellulose filament was far higher than those of other commercial rayons, such as viscose including polynosic and cupro and was slightly lower than the organic spun rayon. The new cellulose filament showed the lowest degree of crystal orientation among these three kinds of cellulose fibers, because of its lowest draft and stretching ratio during the spinning process. In the new filament degree of the intramolecular hydrogen bondings (I -Xam(C 3)) estimated by 13 C NMR method was highly developed. The mechanical loss tangent (tan '5) vs. temperature T curves of the new filament exhibited C( relaxation (from higher temperature side; 0( 2 , C(,h) attributed to micro-Brownian motion of the cellulose chains, two {3 ({3.1, {3. 2 ), local mode of the chains, and y, rotational mode of primary alcohol group at C6 position of pyranose rings, in the regions of T=250--100°C and -30--100°C, and near -I 00°C, respectively. Judging from the co relationships of these relaxation peak temperature T max to Xc(X) and I -Xam(C3), we concluded that there exist two amorphous regions with well-developed intramolecular hydrogen bonds but less advanced intermolecular hydrogen bonds and vice-versa in the new filament. The results of thermally stimulated currency (TSC) measurements suggested that the hydrophobic interaction among cellulose chains is tightly formed in the region with the well-developed intramolecular hydrogen bonds. In this regard, XTSc peak named here was found to correspond to mechanical relaxation C(sh· The tensile strength and elongation of the new filament were comparable to those of the regular viscose rayon. The new filament showed less swelling ratio and low fibrillation nature in water. Woven fabrics made from the filament gave some softness and high abrasion, compared with other commercial ones and were hard to wrinkle.KEY WORDS Alkali Soluble Cellulose / Filament / Supermolecular Structure / X-Ray Crystallinity / Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds/ Viscoelastic Properties/ Mechanical Properties/ Woven Fabrics/ Authors have already established an improved cellulose dissolving technology (two step slurry method) using so-called steam-exploded pulp with average particle size of ca. 10 µm and aqueous (aq) sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution with total concentration of ca. 7.6 wt¾, 1 based on the discovery that exploded pulp could be dissolved into aq NaOH with a specific concentration. 2 -4 In addition, all sulfite pulp, of which the degree of intramolecular hydrogen bond is always lowered by steam-explosion, has been proved to be useful as industrial resource for the above usage. 5 On the basis of the above technology authors have succeeded in manufacturing a new cellulose filament by establishing the industrially meaningful wet-spinning method (that is, the net-process where no spinning tension generates theo...

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Section: Mechanical Relaxation Nature Of New Cellulose Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Structures and Mechanical Properties of Cellulose Filament Spun from Cellulose/Aqueous NaOH Solution System

Yamane¹,

Mori²,

Saito³

et al. 1996

Polym J

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“…The humidity was found to affect remarkably the mechanical properties of cellulose, the behavior of which was quite similar to those detected for the above-mentioned polymers. The influence of moisture on the mechanical properties of cellulose was well-known already, − but it must be emphasized that the structure change and the mechanical changes could be measured simultaneously for the cellulose sample. In addition to these measurements, the temperature dependence of dynamic viscoelastic properties was investigated for this polymer under an atmospheric environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Young's modulus and the sample length changed abnormally in the vicinity of −40 °C. The effect of humidity and temperature on the mechanical property of the regenerated cellulose has been studied extensively so far, − but such a curious phenomenon was found for the first time by carrying out the measurement using the newly developed system. The details of the experimental results will be reported in the present paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Water on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Regenerated Cellulose Studied by an Organized Combination of Infrared Spectra, X-ray Diffraction, and Dynamic Viscoelastic Data Measured as Functions of Temperature and Humidity

Zhou¹,

Tashiro²,

Hongo³

et al. 2001

Macromolecules

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An intimate relation between structure and mechanical properties of regenerated cellulose (Rayon, Benberg, etc.) has been investigated by measuring the humidity and temperature dependencies of infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic viscoelastic properties. At first the dynamic viscoelastic property and the infrared spectra were measured simultaneously during the increasing relative humidity at a constant rate (2% relative humidity/min) at room temperature. The Young's modulus was found to decrease remarkably around 40% relative humidity, where the content of the absorbed water increased largely as evaluated by the infrared spectral data. The water was considered to play a role as a plasticizer. Second, the temperature dependence of dynamic viscoelastic property was measured for the regenerated cellulose in a wide temperature region under the atmospheric environment. When the sample was heated from −150 °C, the anomalous phenomena could be observed in the temperature region of ca. −40 °C to room temperature: the Young's modulus was diverged, and the intensity and peak position of the X-ray reflections were shifted and the infrared absorbance of the water molecule increased. When the liquid paraffin was pasted on the surface of the cellulose sample, such anomalous phenomena were not observed. The temperature region of these anomalous changes was found to correspond to the region where the absorbed water molecules changed the aggregation state drastically from solid ice to liquid water. In other words, the change in the aggregation state of the absorbed water is considered to affect the mechanical behavior of the regeneated cellulose quite seriously.

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“…To find the effect of the amorphous part of structure change or swelling behavior relative with actuation of EAPap, TSC is suitable. Thermally simulated current (TSC) measurement analysis is an effective tool to detect the relaxation phenomena for the material composing of molecular chains with dipolar nature such as cellulose [6]. The temperature is kept at 80ºC in the vacuum oven for a day to remove the free water in cellulose paper sample.…”

Section: Fig 2 Interaction Of Layered Molecular Structure Of Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Ion Transport in the Actuation of Cellulose Based EAPap

Zhao

2012

AMR

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The application of electroative polymer devices requires the availability of their propertis at various operating conditions. Cellulose based Electro-Active Paper (EAPap) has been studied as an attractive EAP material for artificial muscles due to its low cost, availability, light weight, large displacement output, low actuation voltage and low power consumption. It is investigated which the underlying mechanism is responsible for their strain-field response. The understanding of the actuation mechanism of this material is important in order to improve the performance and also to better target the application. To physically investigate the actuation mechanism of EAPap, several tests are performed. TSC current showed an evidence of ionic migration effect. Thus, we conclude ionic migration effect associated with dipole moment of cellulose paper ingredients. These effects maybe depend on environmental condition.

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Thermally Stimulated Depolarized Current (TSDC) Analysis on the Structural Change of Regenerated Cellulose Membranes Caused by the Change in Water Content

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Structures and Mechanical Properties of Cellulose Filament Spun from Cellulose/Aqueous NaOH Solution System

Structures and Mechanical Properties of Cellulose Filament Spun from Cellulose/Aqueous NaOH Solution System

Influence of Water on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Regenerated Cellulose Studied by an Organized Combination of Infrared Spectra, X-ray Diffraction, and Dynamic Viscoelastic Data Measured as Functions of Temperature and Humidity

Role of Ion Transport in the Actuation of Cellulose Based EAPap

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