Thermally stimulated electromagnetic fields of solids

Vinogradov, E. A.; Дорофеев, И. А.

doi:10.3367/ufne.0179.200905a.0449

Cited by 76 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Recent reviews can be found in Refs. [15][16][17][18].The first attempts to measure a heat flux between metallic surfaces at room temperature and micrometric distances have proved to be inconclusive [19,20]. Experiments in the nanometric regime have clearly demonstrated the transfer enhancement [21,22].…”

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Mesoscopic Description of Radiative Heat Transfer at the Nanoscale

2010

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We present a formulation of the nanoscale radiative heat transfer (RHT) using concepts of mesoscopic physics. We introduce the analog of the Sharvin conductance using the quantum of thermal conductance. The formalism provides a convenient framework to analyse the physics of RHT at the nanoscale. Finally, we propose a RHT experiment in the regime of quantized conductance.PACS numbers: 44.40.+a;73.23.-b It has been discovered in the late sixties that the RHT between two metallic parallel plates can be larger than predicted using the blackbody radiation form [1][2][3]. It is now known that this anomalous RHT is due to the contribution of evanescent waves and becomes significant when the distance separating the interfaces becomes smaller than the thermal wavelength λ th = c kBT where is Planck's constant, k B is Boltzmann's constant, c is the light velocity and T is the temperature. Using the framework of fluctuational electrodynamics [4], Polder and van Hove (PvH) were able to derive a general form of the RHT accounting for the optical properties of the media [5]. Since this seminal contribution, several reports have been published in the literature [6][7][8][9][10][11]. A quantum-mechanical derivation [12] has confirmed these results obtained within the framework of fluctuational electrodynamics. While the first papers considered metals, it has been realized that the RHT at the nanoscale can be further enhanced for dielectrics due to the contribution of surface phonon polaritons [13,14]. Recent reviews can be found in Refs. [15][16][17][18].The first attempts to measure a heat flux between metallic surfaces at room temperature and micrometric distances have proved to be inconclusive [19,20]. Experiments in the nanometric regime have clearly demonstrated the transfer enhancement [21,22]. Yet the lack of good control of the tip geometry did not allow quantitative comparison with theory. More recent experiments [23,24] are performed using silica taking advantage of the flux enhancement due to the resonant contribution of surface phonon polaritons. A good agreement between PvH theory and experiments has been reported [24].The purpose of this paper is to establish a link between the PvH form of the radiative heat flux and the formalism of transport in mesoscopic physics. It will help to develop a more physical understanding of the RHT at the nanoscale, which also clarifies how losses and non-local effects determine the maximal achievable heat flux [10]. Finally, we will show that this reformulation raises the prospect of observing quantized conductance for systems with sizes on the order of the thermal wavelength λ th .We start our discussion with the PvH form of the RHT. We consider a vacuum gap with width d separating two homogeneous half spaces labeled medium 1 and 2 [see Fig. 1 a)]. Then, the heat flux is [5,16] ( 1) where κ = (k x , k y ) and γ = k 2 0 − κ 2 are the parallel and normal wave vector, Θ(ω,is the mean energy of a harmonic oscillator, k 0 = ω/c, r 1,2 j are the usual Fresnel factors for s-or p-polar...

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Mesoscopic Description of Radiative Heat Transfer at the Nanoscale

2010

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“…He found abrupt intense absorption bands of the radiation incident at an angle to the normal in p polarization in the frequency region of longitudinal optical modes and prescribed this absorption to LO phonons. Semi conductor and dielectric films on a metal layer were subsequently investigated in [14][15][16]. The authors of the last two works did not agree with the Berreman interpretation and showed that the absorption near the frequency region of LO vibrations is caused by surface polaritons at the metal-dielectric interface.…”

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Terahertz-infrared electrodynamics of lead zirconate-titanate films on a platinum sublayer

et al. 2015

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The transmission-reflection spectra of a bilayer structure formed on a substrate of single crystal silicon with transition layers (TiO 2 -SiO 2 ), which consists of a PbZr 0.52 Ti 0.48 O 3 ferroelectric thin film and a polycrystalline platinum layer, have been measured in the frequency range of 10-6000 cm -1 . The frequency dependences of the real ε'(ν) and imaginary ε''(ν) parts of the permittivity have been simulated by the method of the dispersion analysis, and the parameters of lattice excitations in the lead zirconate-titanate film have been determined. It has been shown that the low frequency terahertz dynamics exerts the decisive influence on the formation of the dielectric response over the entire studied frequency range.

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“…In order to establish the relation of the results to surface radiation of bodies, it is necessary to consider the boundary value problem for the Green's function of photons in a nonuniform medium (see, e.g., [13]). )ω…”

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On the spectral distribution of the energy of equilibrium radiation in matter

2015

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The development of the theory of thermal radiation is important for studies of many physical phenomena (see, e.g., [1]). The derivation of exact relations between the characteristics of equilibrium radiation and the electromagnetic properties of matter is of great significance. In this work, we calculate the spectral distribution of the energy of equilibrium radiation in the presence of matter, which obviously differs from the well known Planck formula corresponding to the blackbody model (see, e.g., [2]). This is topical because the Planck distribution corresponds to an equilibrium ideal photon gas, whereas the presence of at least a small amount of matter is necessary for the possibility of obtaining equilibrium radiation, because the direct interaction between photons is absent in nonrelativistic theory [2]. In fact, it is implicitly accepted that the equilibrium properties of an ideal photon gas are limiting properties of a real system of the electromagnetic field and matter in thermody namic equilibrium.To solve the formulated problem, we consider a sys tem of nonrelativistic particles and photons in the vol ume V. The Hamiltonian of such a system in the sec ond quantization representation has the form [3] (1)and are the field creation and annihilation operators, respectively, for charged parti cles of type a, which have the mass m a , charge z a e, and operator of the intrinsic magnetic moment ; andis the Hamiltonian of the free field of radiation:,where the creation ( ) and annihilation ( ) operators for photons with momentum បk and polar ization λ = 1, 2 satisfy the commutation relations [ , ] = δ k, k' δ λ,λ' ; is the vector potential corresponding to the quantized electromagnetic field:(3)where are the polarization vectors of photons sat isfying the conditions ,and is the Hamiltonian of the Coulomb interac tion between charged particles:An exact relation has been obtained for the spectral distribution of the energy of radiation in thermodynamic equilibrium with a system of charged nonrelativistic particles. The difference from the Planck formula is unambiguously determined by the transverse permittivity of a medium, which takes into account not only fre quency dispersion but also spatial dispersion.

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Thermally stimulated electromagnetic fields of solids

Cited by 76 publications

References 90 publications

Mesoscopic Description of Radiative Heat Transfer at the Nanoscale

Mesoscopic Description of Radiative Heat Transfer at the Nanoscale

Terahertz-infrared electrodynamics of lead zirconate-titanate films on a platinum sublayer

On the spectral distribution of the energy of equilibrium radiation in matter

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