The influence of fast neutron fluxes of low intensity (106 n/cm2 s) on the thermally stimulated luminescence and optical and paramagnetic absorption spectra of nominally pure and impure MgO single crystals has been investigated. For all parameters studied by us, their polymodal dependence on the fluence was found: the effect increased at low fluences reaching the maximum, then decreased and increased again with the increase of fluence. The value of the low‐fluence maximum and the fluence at which it was reached, depended on the initial characteristics of samples.