Thermo-electric Impact of Nano-Materials on Transformer Oil and Synthetic Ester Oil

Ali, Rao Hasanain Muzaffar; Alam, Mohd Faraz; Khan, Khalid; Muzaffar, Sughra

doi:10.1109/nap51477.2020.9309576

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…The natural tendency of the thermal conductivity of oils is to decrease as the temperature increases [ 21 , 131 , 143 ]. This was observed in some of the investigations with dielectric nanofluids [ 64 , 91 , 113 , 124 , 131 ], but the opposite behavior was seen in others [ 21 , 39 , 130 ], as it was in some oils [ 22 , 143 ]. Considering the magnitude of the conductivity variation with temperature, larger relative increases were observed in the base fluid at high temperatures [ 21 , 129 , 130 ], with signs indicating the existence of an optimal temperature [ 21 ].…”

Section: Achievements Found In Literaturementioning

confidence: 85%

“…These can be included either as reagents during the synthesis of particles [ 8 , 21 , 25 , 55 , 59 , 65 , 66 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 133 , 139 , 156 , 157 ], added to nanoparticles [ 7 , 19 , 34 , 51 , 57 , 58 , 61 , 66 , 70 , 73 , 85 , 91 , 96 , 113 , 124 , 137 , 148 , 149 , 151 , 152 , 153 , 158 ], or at both times [ 107 ]; they can be in a aqueous solution [ 20 , 25 , 67 , 107 , 123 , 124 ], organic solvent [ 7 , 19 , 21 , 51 , 59 , 61 , <...…”

Section: Preparation and Stability Of Dielectric Nanofluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that the conductivity variations of nanofluids with a similar concentration can differ due to changes in the particles’ characteristics, such as their composition [ 26 , 61 , 91 , 131 ], allotropic structures [ 25 ], or shape [ 26 , 61 , 130 ]. Some effects can be explained by the conductivity of the nanoparticles’ bulk material [ 26 , 91 , 113 , 115 , 131 ]; nevertheless, the lack of specific investigations comparing their effect on the function of the composition prevents us from making conclusions about which of them are better. Changes in the conductivity may also be a result of differences in the nanoparticle size.…”

Section: Achievements Found In Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a measurement of insulant quality, as it gets worse, i.e., its value increases, when pollutants, moisture, or products of degradation are present. In these nanofluids it shows erratic behavior, as with resistivity, both increasing [ 39 , 40 , 48 , 59 , 60 , 95 , 97 , 108 , 112 , 113 , 115 , 126 , 127 ] and decreasing [ 51 , 53 , 66 , 75 , 80 , 95 , 113 , 129 ], compared to the base fluids, and decreasing as the frequency increases [ 40 , 51 , 53 , 59 , 75 , 95 , 108 , 112 ].…”

Section: Dielectric Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineral and Ester Nanofluids as Dielectric Cooling Liquid for Power Transformers

et al. 2022

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Amidst the new techniques facing the improvement of cooling and insulating efficiency and the design of electric transformers, constrained by the current technologies, one of the more promising is the substitution of traditional dielectric oils for nanofluids. Research on nanofluids for their application in transformers as a coolant and dielectric medium have been performed during the last two decades and continue today. This review tries to collect and analyze the available information in this field and to offer it already dissected to researchers, focusing on the preparation methods and how nanoparticles affect the main properties of the base fluids. Here we also addressed the influence of different parameters as particle characteristics or environmental conditions in nanofluids performance, the evolution with time of the measured properties, or the neighboring relationship of nanofluids with other transformer components. In this sense, the most reviewed articles reflect enhancements of thermal conductivity or dielectric strength, as well as an improvement of time evolution of these properties, with respect to those that are found in base fluids, and, also, a better interaction between these nanofluids and dielectric cellulosics. Thus, the use of dielectric nanofluids in transformers may allow these machines to work safer or over their design parameters, reducing the risk of failure of the electrical networks and enhancing their life expectancy. Nevertheless, these advantages will not be useful unless a proper stability of nanofluids is ensured, which is achieved in a small part of revised articles. A compendium of the preparation methodology with this aim is proposed, to be checked in future works.

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