Thermo/redox-responsive dissolvable gelatin-based microsphere for efficient cell harvesting during 3D cell culturing

Fabrication of polymeric microspheres for biomedical applications

“…There are a variety of methods for the large expansion of cells, but conventional 2D monolayer culture systems are found to be limited to scaling-up and producing high quality cells. 197,198 The PM-based culture systems can solve these problems and have the advantages of increasing cell densities, 199 high cell attachment efficiency, 200,201 easy to sample and adjust culture parameters and long period continuous subculture by adding empty microspheres. 202 Moreover, the microcarrier-assisted cell expansion method can achieve process automation which has great potential in industrial scale-up and replacing laborious and poorly controlled processes.…”

“…209 For example, PNIPAM-based microspheres could allow cell detachment below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), which holds great promise for the efficient expansion of cells for the industrial-scale culture of therapeutic cells. 201 Another magnetic microsphere was developed to obtain relatively pure mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in an economical and effective way. 210 There have been both primary and adult stem cells expanded on microspheres in laboratory-scale setups including MSCs, hBMSCs, and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs).…”