Thermo-structural analysis of TeO2–Li2O–MoO3 glasses

The Gladstone–Dale relation: Applications in oxide glasses

“…Although the Gladstone–Dale relation is a quick and easy way to determine the refractive index or density of a material, it should only be used as a crude, albeit useful prediction method. If the Gladstone–Dale relation was a reasonable method for accurately determining the refractive index of a material, it would be expected that the data would follow the red trendline in Figure 4, indicating that the measured and calculated index of refraction values are the same 34,36–63,72–112 . The data presented in Figure 4 contain glass compositions from Figure 1, along with additional data from a multitude of glass systems, with index of refraction values measured using various types of instrumentation at different wavelengths.…”

“…Therefore, it can be generally expected that the difference between the experimental index of refraction and the one calculated by the Gladstone–Dale relation should decrease with increasing wavelength. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, as seen in the top plot of Figure 3, which shows the average percentage error between the calculated index of refraction and experimentally measured one 34,36–63,72–112 . The overall average percentage error value in n was determined by averaging the percentage error of all glasses measured at a specific wavelength, while the average percentage error in n for each glass family was determined using only glasses in that family.…”

“…(Bottom) Individual percentage error between n GD and n exp for each reported glass. Adapted from data from Ref 34, 36–63, 72–112…”

“…Comparison of experimental index of refraction taken at different wavelengths for different glass systems and calculated index of refraction using the Gladstone–Dale relation. Contains data from Figure 1 and additional data adapted from Ref 34, 36–63, 72–112…”