Thermocatalytic Conversion of Lipid-Rich Biomass to Oleochenicals and Fuel

Bayer, Ernst; Kutubuddin, M.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2737-7_40

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…7,8 Campbell et al have developed a technology for the thermal liquefaction of sewage sludge based on these results. 9 In 1978, Sieger demonstrated that the pyrolysis process has many advantages, including savings in auxiliary fuels, reduced emissions, and so on.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Kinetics and Residue Characteristics of Petrochemical Industrial Sludge

Chiang

Tsai

et al. 2000

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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This study investigated the pyrolysis characteristics of sludge from wastewater treatment plants in the petrochemical industry and focused on the pyrolysis kinetics, elemental composition of residue, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of exhaust gas. As pyrolysis temperature increased to 773 K, the increasing rate of crude oil production tended to a stable condition. The result indicated that the optimal temperature of crude oil and water mixed production was 773 K. When pyrolysis temperature increased from 673 to 973 K, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen concentrations of residue decreased and the sulfur concentration of residue increased. The concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and styrene increased by the increasing pyrolysis temperature. We found that the reaction order of sludge pyrolysis was 2.5 and the activation energy of the reaction was 11.06 kJ/mol. We believe that our pyrolysis system is transitional between devolatilization and combustion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Kinetics and Residue Characteristics of Petrochemical Industrial Sludge

Chiang

Tsai

et al. 2000

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…As an alternative, the pyrolysis of sewage sludge is receiving increasing attention as an economic and environmentally acceptable route to waste disposal (Bridle, 1982;Piskorz et al, 1986;Bayer and Kutubuddin, 1988;Conesa et al, 1998;Silveira et al, 2002). Pyrolysis is the process through which complicated organic substances are thermally decomposed to simple matters in an oxygen-free atmosphere, at temperatures varying in the range of 300 and 900°C, which above 700°C is called a high temperature and below is called a low temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Meanwhile, Sewage sludge, like most organic wastes, is abundant in volatile matter, and thus there exists an opportunity to convert this stored energy into a usable energy source such as for heating or perhaps as a liquid fuel substitute and the production of special chemicals (Bayer and Kutubuddin, 1988). Therefore, the latest trends in the field of sludge treatment, which applies some new methods and techniques for further use as energy source, have generated significant scientific interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Sewage Sludge Pyrolysis Under The Low Temperature Conditions

Zhai¹,

Liu²,

Zeng³

et al. 2008

Environmental Engineering Science

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Three sewage sludges with different diameters (1-0.5 mm, 0.5-0.2 mm and Յ0.2 mm) were pyrolyzed at laboratory scale, using a tube furnace under inert conditions to study the effects of temperature and diameter of sludge particles on the product yield distribution and composition. Upon comparing the yields of these sludges and analysis using GC-MS, it was found that a maximum of 32% oil yield was achieved at a pyrolysis temperature of 450°C and particle diameter of 0.5-0.2 mm, and the maximum oils evolution rate is observed between the temperatures of 400-500°C in all used sludges. These identified compounds in oils mainly consisted of aromatic rings linked by a branch chain and long straight hydrocarbon chains. The main compositions of the maximum ratio were C 16 H 31 N (Hexadecanenitrile) 12.49% in oil from 1-0.5 mm diameter particle, C 16 H 32 O 3 (16-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid) 7.53% from in oil 0.5-0.2 mm diameter particles, and C 16 H 32 O 3 (16-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid) 11.2% in oil from Յ0.2 mm diameter particles. Total ratios of aliphatic compounds were 12.41, 11.86, and 11.31% in sequence, respectively. Moreover, these oils contained low environmentally harmful compounds such as PAHs.

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“…Landfill disposal of sludge is under scrutiny in the European Union since several years [6]. Thus, in order to obtain reusable products from sewage sludge, an alternative to waste incineration is desirable [7,8]. One such possibility is the conversion of organic residues into oil, carbon, or phosphorus-rich residual solid by means of thermocatalytic low temperature conversion (LTC) [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Benzalkonium Chloride in a Sewage Sludge Low Temperature Conversion Process Investigated by LC‐LC/ESI‐MS/MS

Sütterlin¹,

Trittler²,

Bojanowski

et al. 2007

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Thermocatalytic low temperature conversion (LTC) is a new method for the disposal of sewage sludge. Using this method, sludge is converted into a residual solid (coal) along with reaction water, oil, and non-condensable gases. The oil can be used as an energy source and the coal as a substitute for charcoal. To this end, it is important to determine whether there are any easily available contaminants present in the coal generated by the process. Contaminants that can be strongly sorbed by sewage sludge solids are, e. g., pharmaceuticals and disinfectants. As an example the fate of the persistent and strong adsorbing disinfectant benzalkonium chloride (BAC) has been investigated within the LTC process. The sewage sludge was spiked with BAC and then subjected to the LTC process. The resulting coal was extracted and analyzed using LC-LC/ESI-MS/MS (ion trap). BAC could not be detected in the LTC coal, although it could be extracted from the spiked sludge before the LTC treatment. It can thus be concluded that the investigated compound is not easily available in the coal, and hence that its use does not present a risk.

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Thermocatalytic Conversion of Lipid-Rich Biomass to Oleochenicals and Fuel

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Pyrolysis Kinetics and Residue Characteristics of Petrochemical Industrial Sludge

Pyrolysis Kinetics and Residue Characteristics of Petrochemical Industrial Sludge

Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Sewage Sludge Pyrolysis Under The Low Temperature Conditions

Fate of Benzalkonium Chloride in a Sewage Sludge Low Temperature Conversion Process Investigated by LC‐LC/ESI‐MS/MS

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