Thermochemical Characterization of the Gas Circulation in the Relevant Cement Industry Processes

Abstract

This work focused on the thermochemical characterization of the gas circulation in the cement kiln and was undertaken due to the real industry problems during clinker production. Raw materials and fuels used for clinker production contain significant amounts of sulphates, chlorides, alkali, alkali earth compounds as well as heavy metal compounds. These substances

Mass spectrometric production of heterogeneous metal clusters using Knudsen cell

“…S obzirom na to da postoji proporcionalnost između inteziteta detektovanih jona i njihovih parcijalnih pritisaka moguće je izračunati konstante ravnoteže reakcija koje se mogu pratiti korišćenjem Knudsenove ćelije [15,34,35,39]. Kao što je pomenuto, eksperiment sa Knudsenovom efuzionom ćelijom izvodi se pri pritiscima manjim od 10 Pa tako da je isparljivost ekvivalentna parcijalnom pritisku, zato jer je zakon idealnog gasnog stanja pV = NkT primenljiv za paru svake komponente prisutne u gasnoj fazi.…”

“…Metoda po trećem zakonu termodinamike ima prednost po tačnosti izračunavanja u slučaju da su dovoljno precizno određene termodinamičke funkcije učesnika reakcije [12,15,33,39].…”

Cement kiln dust/rice husk ash as a low temperature route for wollastonite processing

“…(1) Dissociation of spurrite occurs at a higher temperature than the CaCO 3 itself, inasmuch as the greater thermal stability of spurrite than CaCO 3 due to the substitution of the dissociable groups into the stable lattice in spurrite [39]. 2The sublimation of alkaline chlorides begins after the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate and finishes at 1200 °C [44][45]. With regard to the endothermic peak recorded around 1277 °C, it may be ascribed to the decomposition of both anhydrite (CaSO 4 ) [38,40] and sulphospurrite phase [39].…”