Thermochemical Conversion of Waste Tires for Energy Recovery

Calado, Luís; Garcia, Bruno; Brito, Paulo; Mota-Panizio, Roberta; Lourinho, Gonçalo

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91334-6_95

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Wastes of tires and plastics+rubbers may pose a risk to equipment not prepared to support so high HHV's. Biomass energy production equipment typically has a recommended limit of 18 MJ/kg for the calorific value of the fuel [45].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analyzer is equipped (Table 4), with 6 non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) sensors and 3 electrochemical sensors. A Madur Photon II gas analyzer was used to identify and quantify combustion exhaust gases O 2 , CO, CO 2 , NO 2 , SO 2 , H 2 S as well as pressure and temperature combustion parameters [45].…”

Section: Combustion Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coals were caught in containers at the bottom of the reactor and the cyclone filter downstream of the reactor. The condensates were collected at the bottom of the biomass particulate filter [45].…”

Section: Designationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-Combustion of Waste Tires and Plastic-Rubber Wastes with Biomass Technical and Environmental Analysis

et al. 2020

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The present work studies the possibility of energy recovery by thermal conversion of combustible residual materials, namely tires and rubber-plastic, plastic waste from outdoor luminaires. The waste has great potential for energy recovery (HHV: 38.6 MJ/kg for tires and 31.6 MJ/kg for plastic). Considering the thermal conversion difficulties of these residues, four co-combustion tests with mixtures of tires/plastics + pelletized Miscanthus, and an additional test with 100% Miscanthus were performed. The temperature was increased to the maximum allowed by the equipment, about 500 °C. The water temperature at the boiler outlet and the water flow were controlled (60 °C and 11 L/min). Different mixtures of residues (0–60% tires/plastics) were tested and compared in terms of power and gaseous emissions. Results indicate that energy production increased with the increase of tire residue in the mixture, reaching a maximum of 157 kW for 40% of miscanthus and 60% of tires. However, the automatic feeding difficulties of the boiler also increased, requiring constant operator intervention. As for plastic and rubber waste, fuel consumption generally decreased with increasing percentages of these materials in the blend, with temperatures ranging from 383 °C to 411 °C. Power also decreased by including such wastes (66–100 kW) due to feeding difficulties and cinder-fusing problems related to ash melting. From the study, it can be concluded that co-combustion is a suitable technology for the recovery of waste tires, but operational problems arise with high levels of residues in the mixture. Increasing pollutant emissions and the need for pre-treatments are other limiting factors. In this sense, the thermal gasification process was tested with the same residues and the same percentages of mixtures used in the co-combustion tests. The gasification tests were performed in a downdraft reactor at temperatures above 800 °C. Each test started with 100% acacia chip for reference (like the previous miscanthus), and then with mixtures of 0–60% of tires and blends of plastics and rubbers. Results obtained for the two residues demonstrated the viability of the technology, however, with mixtures higher than 40% it was very difficult to develop a process under stable conditions. The optimum condition for producing a synthesis gas with a substantial heating value occurred with mixtures of 20% of polymeric wastes, which resulted in gases with a calorific value of 3.64 MJ/Nm3 for tires and 3.09 MJ/Nm3 for plastics and rubbers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combustion Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-Combustion of Waste Tires and Plastic-Rubber Wastes with Biomass Technical and Environmental Analysis

et al. 2020

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“…The authors then used a small laboratory-scale reactor to produce samples in which they analyzed the correlation between the influence of catalysts on waste tire pyrolysis. More recently, Calado et al studied the possibility of energy recovery by the thermal conversion of waste tires as a potential feedstock for combustion and gasification processes [15]. These authors consider it necessary to use these materials in co-firing and co-gasification systems because they assume difficulties in using these residues in isolation.…”

Section: Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Conversion Processes as a Path for Sustainability of the Tire Industry: Carbon Black Recovery Potential in a Circular Economy Approach

Nunes

Guimarães²,

Oliveira

et al. 2022

Clean Technol.

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The common use of tires is responsible for the production of large quantities of waste worldwide, which are landfilled or energetically recovered, with higher economical cost and known environmentally harmful consequences. This type of problem must be studied, and all efforts must be conducted to eliminate, or at least mitigate, such high costs. The use of thermochemical conversion processes, such as pyrolysis, can allow the recycling and the reuse of raw materials for the tire industry, namely, in the production of carbon black, usually produced using the controlled combustion of fossil fuels. This article reports the production of torrefied and carbonized waste tire samples using a laboratorial procedure, and their subsequent laboratory characterization, specifically the elemental and proximate analysis. This preliminary approach found that carbon concentration in the produced rubber char reached values higher than 75%, indicating the possibility of its reuse in the production of carbon black to in turn be used in the production of new tires or other industrial rubber materials. The possibility of using this rubber char for other uses, such as energy recovery, is still depending on further studies, namely, the evaluation of the amount of sulfur present in the final product.

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Conversion of waste tires into renewable fuel

Mokhtar

2023

Valorization of Wastes for Sustainable Development

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Thermochemical Conversion of Waste Tires for Energy Recovery

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Co-Combustion of Waste Tires and Plastic-Rubber Wastes with Biomass Technical and Environmental Analysis

Co-Combustion of Waste Tires and Plastic-Rubber Wastes with Biomass Technical and Environmental Analysis

Thermochemical Conversion Processes as a Path for Sustainability of the Tire Industry: Carbon Black Recovery Potential in a Circular Economy Approach

Conversion of waste tires into renewable fuel

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