Thermodynamic analysis of chromium solubility data in liquid lithium containing nitrogen: Comparison between experimental data and computer simulation

Красин, В. П.; Soyustova, S. I.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.06.061

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Last but not least, the corrosion and erosion phenomena is being understood; this occurs in RAFM and stainless steels induced by Li in the presence of N impurities. The purification of liquid Li down to 10 wppm N was unfortunately not demonstrated in this EVEDA phase, but this requirement is now recognized as being too severe since the activity of N to form the Li-Cr-N ternary nitride is negligible at the operating 523 K [111,120]. Potentially more concerning is the mass transfer phenomena driven by the solubilities of Cr, Ni and Fe in Li, and this is being tested in IFMIF relevant conditions in the ongoing experiments of LiFus 6 in Brasimone (ENEA) with 30 wppm N present in liquid Li (compared to 10 wppm specified) and 80 K higher temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has led to a confusing divergence of results available in the literature. However, the understanding of the corrosion phenomena related with flowing Li up to 873 K, typical maximum temperatures of hot trapping techniques, is mature [113,115,116]; as well as the physicochemical kinetics involved with the depletion of Cr [117][118][119][120], which experiments have shown to be the corrosion driver. In turn, concerning the future uses of Li in the world fusion programme, the most mature understanding is related with 40 year old technological efforts framed by a Li(d, xn) fusion-relevant neutron source.…”

Section: Corrosion and Erosion Phenomena In Steels Induced By Flowing LImentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of the IFMIF/EVEDA project

Knaster¹,

Garin

Matsumoto

et al. 2017

Nucl. Fusion

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IFMIF, the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility, is presently in its engineering validation and engineering design activities (EVEDA) phase under the Broader Approach Agreement. The engineering design activity (EDA) phase was successfully accomplished within the allocated time. The engineering validation activity (EVA) phase has focused on validating the Accelerator Facility (AF), the Target Facility and the Test Facility (TF) by constructing prototypes. The ELTL at JAEA, Oarai successfully demonstrated the long-term stability of a Li flow under the IFMIF’s nominal operational conditions keeping the specified free-surface fluctuations below ±1 mm in a continuous manner for 25 d. A full-scale prototype of the high flux test module (HFTM) was successfully tested in the HELOKA loop (KIT, Karlsruhe), where it was demonstrated that the irradiation temperature can be set individually and kept uniform. LIPAc, designed and constructed in European labs under the coordination of F4E, presently under installation and commissioning in the Rokkasho Fusion Institute, aims at validating the concept of IFMIF accelerators with a D+ beam of 125 mA continuous wave (CW) and 9 MeV. The commissioning phases of the H+/D+ beams at 100 keV are progressing and should be concluded in 2017; in turn, the commissioning of the 5 MeV beam is due to start during 2017. The D+ beam through the superconducting cavities is expected to be achieved within the Broader Approach Agreement time frame with the superconducting cryomodule being assembled in Rokkasho. The realisation of a fusion-relevant neutron source is a necessary step for the successful development of fusion. The ongoing success of the IFMIF/EVEDA involves ruling out concerns about potential technical showstoppers which were raised in the past. Thus, a situation has emerged where soon steps towards constructing a Li(d,xn) fusion-relevant neutron source could be taken, which is also justified in the light of costs which are marginal to those of a fusion plant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%