Thermodynamic analysis of the interaction of the xylem water and phloem sugar solution and its significance for the cohesion theory

Lampinen, Markku J.; Noponen, Tuula

doi:10.1016/s0022-5193(03)00165-6

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, the bubbles can be removed from the pathways, which can be refilled as it was shown by acoustic detection [89] of the bubble cavitation and noise generation in the tree trunks and branches, especially in springtime after the sap flow has decreased or completely stopped for the wintertime [3,95]. Some biophysical and thermodynamic mechanisms of bubble formation and removal are presented in the literature, but the question still remains open [45,95].…”

Section: Water Transport Relationships Between the Soil Plant And Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most thermodynamic considerations of the liquid transport in xylem and phloem are based on the model of the xylem vessel containing pure water or a weak solution of an osmotically active component, living cells, and phloem cells with their sugar-rich contents, where the sugar solution and water are separated by a semipermeable membrane [23][24][25]45]. The xylem pressure can be controlled by the rates of water transpiration by leaves and suction by roots.…”

Section: Biophysical Theories Of Water Motion and Exchange In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The xylem pressure can be controlled by the rates of water transpiration by leaves and suction by roots. Minimizing the Gibbs energy function for the system xylemsemipermeable membrane-phloem the vapour pressure and osmotic pressure equations were derived in the form [45]:…”

Section: Biophysical Theories Of Water Motion and Exchange In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As it was shown by numerical estimations on the obtained formulae, when the gas bubbles appear in the xylem pathways, the air-water interface area and the surface energy become bigger, diminishing the pressure of water. Cavitation of the bubbles produces an additional suction pressure for the xylem water [45]. Münch's model of the phloem sap motion has been revisited basing on the thermodynamic relationships between the forces and fluxes [16,23].…”

Section: Biophysical Theories Of Water Motion and Exchange In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the measurements on the pine trees k = (1−4) · 10 −12 m 2 [45]. A hydrodynamic model of the phloem transport as a fluid flow in a long tube is studied in [16,38].…”

Section: Biophysical Theories Of Water Motion and Exchange In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-distance liquid transport in plants

Kizilova¹

2008

Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci.

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Abstract. A brief review of the thermodynamic and fluid dynamic problems related to long-distance liquid flow and signalling in plants is presented. Geometrical parameters of the plant leaf venation are measured and the general relationships between the diameters and lengths of the veins, branching angles at the vein bifurcations, and the corresponding drainage areas are obtained. The same relationships had been obtained before for the bifurcations of the pathways in the arterial and bronchial systems of mammals and humans; tree trunks, branches and roots; and river basins. The identity of the principle of design of the transportation systems in the nature can be understood on the concept of optimal networks that provide liquid delivery at total minimal energy costs. The corresponding models of the optimal vessels and branching systems of vessels with impermeable and permeable walls are presented and discussed.

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Section: Water Transport Relationships Between the Soil Plant And Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biophysical Theories Of Water Motion and Exchange In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biophysical Theories Of Water Motion and Exchange In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biophysical Theories Of Water Motion and Exchange In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the measurements on the pine trees k = (1−4) · 10 −12 m 2 [45]. A hydrodynamic model of the phloem transport as a fluid flow in a long tube is studied in [16,38].…”

Section: Biophysical Theories Of Water Motion and Exchange In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-distance liquid transport in plants

Kizilova¹

2008

Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci.

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Cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membranes: Optimization of the composition

Duarte

Cidade

Bordado³

2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Membranes based on cellulose acetate for reverse osmosis can possibly be applied to the so-called salinity process of energy generation and water desalinization. The requirements for membranes for these two different applications are a relatively high water flux and low salt permeability. In this article, we present the optimization of the composition of such membranes. We started by producing membranes with a patented casting solution with the following composition: 45.77 wt % dioxane, 17.61 wt % acetone, and 8.45 wt % acetic acid (solvents); 14.09 wt % methanol (nonsolvent); and 7.04 wt % cellulose diacetate and 7.04 wt % cellulose triacetate. The membranes produced with this solution were analyzed comparatively, with the membranes obtained by the introduction of modifications to the following parameters: the solvent mix, the nonsolvent mix, the proportion of cellulose diacetate and cellulose triacetate in the casting solution, and the addition of reinforcing cellulose fibers. The results led us to conclude that the best membrane formulation had the following composition: 45.77 wt % dioxane, 17.61 wt % acetone, and 8.45 wt % acetic acid (solvents); 4.22 wt % cellulose triacetate and 9.86 wt % cellulose diacetate (polymers); 14.09 wt % methanol (nonsolvent); and 0.5 wt % cellulose fibers (with respect to the total polymer content).

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